modelSimplePipe

Simple pipe model with n discrete elements

Extends from AixLib.Fluid.Interfaces.PartialTwoPort (Partial component with two ports).

Information

This model represents a pipe using a simple approach and consists of a HydraulicDiameter and n volume elements to approximate the thermal wave propagation. The heat transfer through the pipe wall is modeled with a CylindricHeatTransfer and can be deactivated. This model can be used if a heat flow or heat transfer to the pipe has to be modeled and the thermal mass of the fluid cannot be neglected. Since the pipe is discretized in n elements, this model should only be used, if the dead time of the thermal wive propagation can be neglected. With an increasing number of elements (nNodes) the wave propagation becomes more realistic. However, the simulation time will increase as well.

For long pipes, the model PlugFlowPipe can be used (the heat transfer in the PlugFlowPipe can cause problems for small volume flows ).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
IntegernNodes2Spatial segmentation
Modelica.Units.SI.LengthdhInner/hydraulic diameter (assuming a round cross section area)
Modelica.Units.SI.LengthlengthPipe length
Realfac1Factor to take into account flow resistance of bends etc., fac=dp_nominal/dpStraightPipe_nominal
Assumptions
BooleanallowFlowReversal (from PartialTwoPort)true= false to simplify equations, assuming, but not enforcing, no flow reversal
Material
BooleanwithHeattransfertrueTrue, if heat transfer to ambient
RealReC2300Reynolds number where transition to turbulent starts
Modelica.Units.SI.Heightroughness2.5e-5Average height of surface asperities (default: smooth steel pipe)
Modelica.Units.SI.ThermalConductivitylambda370Heat conductivity of pipe material
Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificHeatCapacityc1600Specific heat capacity of pipe material
Modelica.Units.SI.Densityrho1000Density of pipe material
Modelica.Units.SI.Lengththickness0.001Pipe wall thickness
Advanced
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFlowRatem_flow_small1E-4*abs(m_flow_nominal)Small mass flow rate for regularization of zero flow
Booleanfrom_dpfalse= true, use m_flow = f(dp) else dp = f(m_flow)
BooleanhomotopyInitializationtrue= true, use homotopy method
Booleanlinearizedfalse= true, use linear relation between m_flow and dp for any flow rate
Initialization
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_startMedium.T_defaultInitialization temperature at pipe inlet
Medium.AbsolutePressurep_startMedium.p_defaultStart value of pressure
Nominal condition
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFlowRatem_flow_nominalNominal mass flow rate
Dynamics › Equations
Modelica.Fluid.Types.DynamicsenergyDynamicsModelica.Fluid.Types.Dynamics.DynamicFreeInitialType of energy balance: dynamic (3 initialization options) or steady state
Modelica.Fluid.Types.DynamicsmassDynamicsenergyDynamicsType of mass balance: dynamic (3 initialization options) or steady state

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_aport_a (from PartialTwoPort)Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b)
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_bport_b (from PartialTwoPort)Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b)
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.HeatPorts_a[nNodes]heatPorts

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
HydraulicDiameterresPressure drop calculation for this pipe
MixingVolumes.MixingVolume[nNodes]vol
Utilities.HeatTransfer.CylindricHeatTransfer[nNodes]PipeWall

Revisions

  • Mai 07, 2020, by Alexander Kümpel:
    First implementation