.BondLib.Switches.Z

Information

The ideal Zener diode element is a passive OnePort element. It inherits the effort and flow variables from the passive OnePort. The ideal Zener diode is a switch element with internal modulation. The modulating signal, mode, is a ternary signal with the values conducting, blocking, and avalanche. Zener diodes are usually placed between a circuit node and the ground node. Thus, the bondgraphic Zener diode is usually attached to a 0-junction via a bond.

Diodes are switching elements that are primarily being used in electrical circuits, although nothing prevents them from being used also in other energy domains. Zener diodes are always used as reversed diodes. Thus, the positive and negative pins have been reversed in the model.

The causality of the ideal diode element must be free, i.e., the ideal diode element must be placed inside an algebraic loop. 

Potential variables:

 e:     Bondgraphic effort variable

 f:     Bondgraphic flow variable, normalized positive for flows into the model

 mode:  Ternary variable denoting the switch position (internal modulation signal)

 s:     Curve parameter


Parameters:

 e0:    Avalanche breakdown voltage (default value = 1 Volt)

Equations:

mode = if s < 0 then conducting else if s < e0 then blocking else avalanche
e = if mode == conducting then 0 else if mode == blocking then s else e0
f = if mode == conducting then s else if mode == blocking then 0 else s - e0

References:

  1. Otter, M., H. Elmqvist, and S.E. Mattsson (1999), "Hybrid Modeling in Modelica Based on the Synchronous Data Flow Principle," Proc. CACSD'99, IEEE Symposium on Computer-Aided Control System Design, Hawaii, August 22-27, 1999, pp. 151-157.
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