modelIndirect

Indirect heating energy transfer station for district energy systems

Extends from Buildings.DHC.ETS.BaseClasses.PartialIndirect (Partial indirect energy transfer station for district energy systems).

Information

Indirect heating energy transfer station (ETS) model that controls the building chilled water supply temperature by modulating a primary control valve on the district supply side. The design is based on a typical district heating ETS described in ASHRAE's District Heating Guide. As shown in the figure below, the building pumping design (constant/variable) is specified on the building side and not within the ETS.

DHC.ETS.Indirect

Reference

American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers. (2013). Chapter 5: Consumer Interconnection. In District Heating Guide.

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Buildings.Fluid.Data.Fuels.Generic[nFue]fue (from PartialETS)Fuel type
Configuration
TypDisSystyp (from PartialETS)Buildings.DHC.Types.DistrictSystemType.CombinedGeneration2to4Type of district system
IntegernPorts_aHeaWat (from PartialETS)0Number of heating water return ports
IntegernPorts_bHeaWat (from PartialETS)0Number of heating water supply ports
IntegernPorts_aChiWat (from PartialETS)0Number of chilled water return ports
IntegernPorts_bChiWat (from PartialETS)0Number of chilled water supply ports
Booleanhave_heaWat (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if the ETS supplies heating water
Booleanhave_hotWat (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if the ETS supplies hot water
Booleanhave_chiWat (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if the ETS supplies chilled water
Booleanhave_fan (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if fan power is computed
Booleanhave_pum (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if pump power is computed
Booleanhave_eleHea (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if the ETS has electric heating system
IntegernFue (from PartialETS)0Number of fuel types (0 means no combustion system)
Booleanhave_eleCoo (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if the ETS has electric cooling system
Booleanhave_weaBus (from PartialETS)falseSet to true to use a weather bus
Assumptions
BooleanallowFlowReversalSer (from PartialETS)falseSet to true to allow flow reversal on service side
BooleanallowFlowReversalBui (from PartialETS)falseSet to true to allow flow reversal on building side
Nominal condition
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQHeaWat_flow_nominal (from PartialETS)0Nominal capacity of heating system (>=0)
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQHotWat_flow_nominal (from PartialETS)0Nominal capacity of hot water production system (>=0)
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQChiWat_flow_nominal (from PartialETS)0Nominal capacity of cooling system (<=0)
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFlowRatemDis_flow_nominal (from PartialIndirect)Nominal mass flow rate of district side
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFlowRatemBui_flow_nominal (from PartialIndirect)Nominal mass flow rate of building side
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDifferencedpConVal_nominal (from PartialIndirect)6000Nominal pressure drop of fully open control valve
Heat exchanger
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDifferencedp1_nominal (from PartialIndirect)Nominal pressure difference on primary side
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDifferencedp2_nominal (from PartialIndirect)Nominal pressure difference on secondary side
Booleanuse_Q_flow_nominal (from PartialIndirect)trueSet to true to specify Q_flow_nominal and temeratures, or to false to specify effectiveness
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_nominal (from PartialIndirect)Nominal heat transfer (positive for heat transfer from district to building)
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_a1_nominal (from PartialIndirect)Nominal temperature at port a1 (district supply)
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_a2_nominal (from PartialIndirect)Nominal temperature at port a2 (building return)
Modelica.Units.SI.Efficiencyeta (from PartialIndirect)0.8Constant effectiveness
PID controller
Modelica.Blocks.Types.SimpleControllercontrollerType (from PartialIndirect)Modelica.Blocks.Types.SimpleController.PIType of controller
Realk (from PartialIndirect)1Gain of controller
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTi (from PartialIndirect)120Time constant of integrator block
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTd (from PartialIndirect)0.1Time constant of derivative block
RealyMax (from PartialIndirect)1Upper limit of output
RealyMin (from PartialIndirect)0.01Lower limit of output

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPorts_a[nPorts_aHeaWat]ports_aHeaWat (from PartialETS)Fluid connectors for heating water return (from building)
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPorts_b[nPorts_bHeaWat]ports_bHeaWat (from PartialETS)Fluid connectors for heating water supply (to building)
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPorts_a[nPorts_aChiWat]ports_aChiWat (from PartialETS)Fluid connectors for chilled water return (from building)
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPorts_b[nPorts_bChiWat]ports_bChiWat (from PartialETS)Fluid connectors for chilled water supply (to building)
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_aport_aSerAmb (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for ambient water service supply line
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_bport_bSerAmb (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for ambient water service return line
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_aport_aSerHea (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for heating service supply line
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_bport_bSerHea (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for heating service return line
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_aport_aSerCoo (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for cooling service supply line
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_bport_bSerCoo (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for cooling service return line
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutputPHea (from PartialETS)Power drawn by heating system
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutputPCoo (from PartialETS)Power drawn by cooling system
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutputPFan (from PartialETS)Power drawn by fan motors
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutputPPum (from PartialETS)Power drawn by pump motors
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutput[nFue]QFue_flow (from PartialETS)Fuel energy input rate
BoundaryConditions.WeatherData.BusweaBus (from PartialETS)Weather data bus
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputTBuiSupSet (from PartialIndirect)Setpoint temperature for building supply
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutputQ_flow (from PartialIndirect)Measured heating demand at the ETS
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutputQ (from PartialIndirect)Measured energy consumption at the ETS

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.TemperatureTwoPortsenTDisSup (from PartialIndirect)District supply temperature sensor
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.MassFlowRatesenMasFlo (from PartialIndirect)District supply mass flow rate sensor
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayEqualPercentageconVal (from PartialIndirect)Control valve
Buildings.Fluid.HeatExchangers.PlateHeatExchangerEffectivenessNTUhex (from PartialIndirect)Heat exchanger
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.TemperatureTwoPortsenTDisRet (from PartialIndirect)District return temperature sensor
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.TemperatureTwoPortsenTBuiRet (from PartialIndirect)Building return temperature sensor
Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.TemperatureTwoPortsenTBuiSup (from PartialIndirect)Building supply temperature sensor
Controls.OBC.CDL.Reals.PIDcon (from PartialIndirect)Building supply temperature controller
Modelica.Blocks.Math.AdddTDis (from PartialIndirect)Temperature difference on the district side
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Productpro (from PartialIndirect)product
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Gaincp (from PartialIndirect)Specific heat multiplier to calculate heat flow rate
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.Integratorint (from PartialIndirect)Integration

Revisions

  • March 27, 2024, by David Blum:
    Update icon and fix port orientation to align with convention.
    This is for issue #3606.
  • January 8, 2024, by David Blum:
    Correct documentation to describe heating. This is for issue 3628.
  • April 7, 2023, by David Blum:
    First implementation.