modelChillerBorefield

ETS model for 5GDHC systems with heat recovery chiller and optional borefield

Extends from Buildings.Obsolete.DHC.ETS.Combined.BaseClasses.PartialParallel (Partial ETS model with district heat exchanger and parallel connection of production systems).

Information

This model represents an energy transfer station as illustrated in the schematics below.

  • The heating and cooling functions are provided by a heat recovery chiller, see Buildings.Obsolete.DHC.ETS.Combined.Subsystems.Chiller for the operating principles and modeling assumptions. The condenser and evaporator loops are equipped with constant speed pumps.
  • The supervisory controller ensures the load balancing between the condenser side and the evaporator side of the chiller by controlling in sequence an optional geothermal borefield (priority system), the district heat exchanger (second priority system), and ultimately the chiller, by resetting down the chilled water supply temperature, see Buildings.Obsolete.DHC.ETS.Combined.Controls.Supervisory for a detailed description. The borefield and district heat exchanger loops are equipped with variable speed pumps modulated by the supervisory controller.

Note that the heating and cooling enable signals (uHea and uCoo) connected to this model should be switched to false when the building has no corresponding demand (e.g., based on the requests yielded by the terminal unit controllers, in conjunction with a schedule). This will significantly improve the system performance as it is a necessary condition for the chiller to be operated at a lower lift, see Buildings.DHC.ETS.Combined.Controls.Reset.

System schematics

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Buildings.Fluid.Data.Fuels.Generic[nFue]fue (from PartialETS)Fuel type
Buildings.DHC.ETS.Types.ConnectionConfigurationconCon (from PartialParallel)Buildings.DHC.ETS.Types.ConnectionConfiguration.PumpDistrict connection configuration
IntegernSysHea (from PartialParallel)Number of heating systems
IntegernSysCoo (from PartialParallel)nSysHeaNumber of cooling systems
IntegernSouAmb (from PartialParallel)1Number of ambient sources
Booleanhave_borFiefalseSet to true in case a borefield is used in addition of the district HX
Booleanhave_WSEfalseSet to true in case a waterside economizer is used
Buildings.Fluid.Geothermal.Borefields.Data.Borefield.ExampledatBorFie
Configuration
TypDisSystyp (from PartialETS)Buildings.DHC.Types.DistrictSystemType.CombinedGeneration2to4Type of district system
IntegernPorts_aHeaWat (from PartialETS)0Number of heating water return ports
IntegernPorts_bHeaWat (from PartialETS)0Number of heating water supply ports
IntegernPorts_aChiWat (from PartialETS)0Number of chilled water return ports
IntegernPorts_bChiWat (from PartialETS)0Number of chilled water supply ports
Booleanhave_heaWat (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if the ETS supplies heating water
Booleanhave_hotWat (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if the ETS supplies hot water
Booleanhave_chiWat (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if the ETS supplies chilled water
Booleanhave_fan (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if fan power is computed
Booleanhave_pum (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if pump power is computed
Booleanhave_eleHea (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if the ETS has electric heating system
IntegernFue (from PartialETS)0Number of fuel types (0 means no combustion system)
Booleanhave_eleCoo (from PartialETS)falseSet to true if the ETS has electric cooling system
Booleanhave_weaBus (from PartialETS)falseSet to true to use a weather bus
Assumptions
BooleanallowFlowReversalSer (from PartialETS)falseSet to true to allow flow reversal on service side
BooleanallowFlowReversalBui (from PartialETS)falseSet to true to allow flow reversal on building side
Nominal condition
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQHeaWat_flow_nominal (from PartialETS)0Nominal capacity of heating system (>=0)
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQHotWat_flow_nominal (from PartialETS)0Nominal capacity of hot water production system (>=0)
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQChiWat_flow_nominal (from PartialETS)0Nominal capacity of cooling system (<=0)
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDifferencedpValIso_nominal (from PartialParallel)2E3Nominal pressure drop of ambient circuit isolation valves
District heat exchanger
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDifferencedp1Hex_nominal (from PartialParallel)Nominal pressure drop across heat exchanger on district side
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDifferencedp2Hex_nominal (from PartialParallel)Nominal pressure drop across heat exchanger on building side
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQHex_flow_nominal (from PartialParallel)Nominal heat flow rate through heat exchanger (from district to building)
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_a1Hex_nominal (from PartialParallel)Nominal water inlet temperature on district side
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_b1Hex_nominal (from PartialParallel)Nominal water outlet temperature on district side
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_a2Hex_nominal (from PartialParallel)Nominal water inlet temperature on building side
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_b2Hex_nominal (from PartialParallel)Nominal water outlet temperature on building side
RealspePum1HexMin (from PartialParallel)0.1Heat exchanger primary pump minimum speed (fractional)
RealspePum2HexMin (from PartialParallel)0.1Heat exchanger secondary pump minimum speed (fractional)
Buffer Tank
Modelica.Units.SI.VolumeVTanHeaWat (from PartialParallel)Heating water tank volume
Modelica.Units.SI.LengthhTanHeaWat (from PartialParallel)(VTanHeaWat*16/Modelica.Constants.pi)^(1/3)Heating water tank height (assuming twice the diameter)
Modelica.Units.SI.LengthdInsTanHeaWat (from PartialParallel)0.1Heating water tank insulation thickness
Modelica.Units.SI.VolumeVTanChiWat (from PartialParallel)Chilled water tank volume
Modelica.Units.SI.LengthhTanChiWat (from PartialParallel)(VTanChiWat*16/Modelica.Constants.pi)^(1/3)Chilled water tank height (without insulation)
Modelica.Units.SI.LengthdInsTanChiWat (from PartialParallel)0.1Chilled water tank insulation thickness
IntegernSegTan (from PartialParallel)3Number of volume segments for tanks
Chiller
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDifferencedpCon_nominalNominal pressure drop accross condenser
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDifferencedpEva_nominalNominal pressure drop accross evaporator
Buildings.Fluid.Chillers.Data.ElectricEIR.GenericdatChiChiller performance data
Waterside economizer
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDifferencedp1WSE_nominal40E3Nominal pressure drop across heat exchanger on district side
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDifferencedp2WSE_nominal40E3Nominal pressure drop across heat exchanger on building side
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQWSE_flow_nominal0Nominal heat flow rate through heat exchanger (<=0)
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_a1WSE_nominal279.15Nominal water inlet temperature on district side
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_b1WSE_nominal284.15Nominal water outlet temperature on district side
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_a2WSE_nominal288.15Nominal water inlet temperature on building side
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_b2WSE_nominal281.15Nominal water outlet temperature on building side
Realy1WSEMin0.05Minimum pump flow rate or valve opening for temperature measurement (fractional)
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFlowRatem1WSE_flow_nominalabs(QWSE_flow_nominal/4200/(T_b1WSE_nominal - T_a1WSE_nominal))WSE primary mass flow rate
Borefield
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureTBorWatEntMax313.15Maximum value of borefield water entering temperature
RealspePumBorMin0.1Borefield pump minimum speed
Modelica.Units.SI.PressuredpBorFie_nominal5E4Pressure losses for the entire borefield (control valve excluded)
Supervisory controller
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Types.SimpleControllercontrollerTypeBuildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Types.SimpleController.PIType of controller
RealkHot0.05Gain of controller on hot side
RealkCol0.1Gain of controller on cold side
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTiHot300Time constant of integrator block on hot side
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTiCol120Time constant of integrator block on cold side
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureTHeaWatSupSetMindatChi.TConEntMin + 5Minimum value of heating water supply temperature set point
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureTChiWatSupSetMindatChi.TEvaLvgMinMinimum value of chilled water supply temperature set point
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureTChiWatSupSetMaxdatChi.TEvaLvgMaxMinimum value of chilled water supply temperature set point

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPorts_a[nPorts_aHeaWat]ports_aHeaWat (from PartialETS)Fluid connectors for heating water return (from building)
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPorts_b[nPorts_bHeaWat]ports_bHeaWat (from PartialETS)Fluid connectors for heating water supply (to building)
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPorts_a[nPorts_aChiWat]ports_aChiWat (from PartialETS)Fluid connectors for chilled water return (from building)
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPorts_b[nPorts_bChiWat]ports_bChiWat (from PartialETS)Fluid connectors for chilled water supply (to building)
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_aport_aSerAmb (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for ambient water service supply line
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_bport_bSerAmb (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for ambient water service return line
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_aport_aSerHea (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for heating service supply line
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_bport_bSerHea (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for heating service return line
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_aport_aSerCoo (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for cooling service supply line
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_bport_bSerCoo (from PartialETS)Fluid connector for cooling service return line
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutputPHea (from PartialETS)Power drawn by heating system
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutputPCoo (from PartialETS)Power drawn by cooling system
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutputPFan (from PartialETS)Power drawn by fan motors
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutputPPum (from PartialETS)Power drawn by pump motors
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutput[nFue]QFue_flow (from PartialETS)Fuel energy input rate
BoundaryConditions.WeatherData.BusweaBus (from PartialETS)Weather data bus
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.BooleanInputuHea (from PartialParallel)Heating enable signal
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.BooleanInputuCoo (from PartialParallel)Cooling enable signal
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealInputTHeaWatSupSet (from PartialParallel)Heating water supply temperature set point
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealInputTChiWatSupSet (from PartialParallel)Chilled water supply temperature set point
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutputdHHeaWat_flowHeating water distributed energy flow rate
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Interfaces.RealOutputdHChiWat_flowChilled water distributed energy flow rate

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Buildings.Obsolete.DHC.ETS.Combined.Controls.BaseClasses.PartialSupervisoryconSup (from PartialParallel)
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayLinearvalIsoEva (from PartialParallel)Evaporator to ambient loop isolation valve
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Valves.TwoWayLinearvalIsoCon (from PartialParallel)Condenser to ambient loop isolation valve
Buildings.Obsolete.DHC.ETS.Combined.Subsystems.HeatExchangerhex (from PartialParallel)District heat exchanger
Buildings.DHC.ETS.BaseClasses.StratifiedTanktanChiWat (from PartialParallel)Chilled water tank
Buildings.DHC.ETS.BaseClasses.StratifiedTanktanHeaWat (from PartialParallel)Heating water tank
Buildings.DHC.ETS.BaseClasses.CollectorDistributorcolChiWat (from PartialParallel)Collector/distributor for chilled water
Buildings.DHC.ETS.BaseClasses.CollectorDistributorcolHeaWat (from PartialParallel)Collector/distributor for heating water
Buildings.DHC.ETS.BaseClasses.CollectorDistributorcolAmbWat (from PartialParallel)Collector/distributor for ambient water
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Reals.MultiSumtotPPum (from PartialParallel)Total pump power
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Reals.MultiSumtotPHea (from PartialParallel)Total power drawn by heating system
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Reals.MultiSumtotPCoo (from PartialParallel)Total power drawn by cooling system
Buildings.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pTbou (from PartialParallel)Pressure boundary condition representing expansion vessel (common to HHW and CHW)
Buildings.Obsolete.DHC.ETS.Combined.Subsystems.ChillerchiChiller
Buildings.Obsolete.DHC.ETS.Combined.Subsystems.BorefieldborFieBorefield
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Reals.Sources.ConstantzerPPumZero power
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Reals.Sources.ConstantzerPHeaZero power
Buildings.DHC.Networks.BaseClasses.DifferenceEnthalpyFlowRatedHFloHeaWatVariation of enthalpy flow rate
Buildings.DHC.Networks.BaseClasses.DifferenceEnthalpyFlowRatedHFloChiWatVariation of enthalpy flow rate
Buildings.DHC.ETS.Combined.Subsystems.WatersideEconomizerWSEWaterside economizer
Buildings.DHC.ETS.BaseClasses.JunctionsplWSEFlow splitter for WSE
Buildings.DHC.ETS.BaseClasses.JunctionmixWSEFlow mixer for WSE

Revisions

  • November 3, 2025, by Michael Wetter:
    Moved to Buildings.Obsolete.
    This is for #4354.
  • March 6, 2025, by Hongxiang Fu:
    Added parameters to support chilled water temperature reset.
    This is for #4133.
  • November 22, 2024, by Michael Wetter:
    Reduced number of time events by replacing zero order hold with true and false hold, and increasing the minimum cycle time.
    This is for #4058.
  • March 27, 2024, by David Blum:
    Update icon.
    This is for issue #3606.
  • April 30, 2021, by Michael Wetter:
    Reformulated replaceable class to avoid access of components that are not in the constraining type.
    This is for issue #2471.
  • July 31, 2020, by Antoine Gautier:
    First implementation.