classVersion_14_0_0
Version 14.0.0
Extends from Modelica.Icons.ReleaseNotes (Icon for release notes in documentation).
Information
Version 14.0.0 is a major release that adds various new packages and models.
The library has been tested with Dymola 2026x, OpenModelica 1.26.3, OPTIMICA 1.66 and recent versions of Impact.
The following major changes have been done compared to release 13.0.0:
-
The packages
Buildings.Applications.DataCenters.LiquidCooledandBuildings.Fluid.DataCentershave been added with system and component models for liquid-cooled data centers, such as CDUs and racks. -
An autosizing feature has been added to the package
Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0, where, during initialization, the EnergyPlus sizing routine can be invoked, resulting in parameter values being passed to Modelica thermal zone and HVAC system objects. These parameter values include heating and cooling loads, zone set points, outdoor conditions, and minimum outside air flow all at design conditions, and can be used throughout the Modelica model to size HVAC equipment based on the EnergyPlus sizing results. -
The air-to-water heat pump plant template in
Buildings.Templates.Plants.HeatPumpshas been extended to support 4-pipe polyvalent heat pumps that can simultaneously provide heating and cooling. Associated control subsequences have been added toBuildings.Templates.Plants.Controls. -
The package
Buildings.Fluid.Geothermal.Borefields.TOUGHhas been added with models and a user guide for coupled simulation between Modelica and the TOUGH simulator that calculates the ground response. -
New functions for pressure drop calculations with flow exponents between 1 and 2
have been added to
Buildings.Fluid.BaseClasses.FlowModels, enabling modeling of partially turbulent flows such as in microchannel heat exchangers. The modelBuildings.Fluid.FixedResistances.PressureDropand several heat exchangers inBuildings.Fluid.HeatExchangershave been updated to expose these parameters.
Also, many models have been updated to improve performance, to improve compliance with the Modelica Language Standard and to correct model errors.
The following new libraries have been added:
| Buildings.Applications.DataCenters.LiquidCooled | System models for liquid cooled data centers. |
| Buildings.Fluid.DataCenters | Component models for liquid cooled data centers, such as CDUs and racks that are air-cooled, liquid-cooled, or hybrid liquid- and air-cooled. The racks can also have an optional active or passive rear door heat exchanger. |
The following new components have been added to existing libraries:
| Buildings.Fluid.Geothermal | |
| Buildings.Fluid.Geothermal.Borefields.TOUGH | Created models and the user guide for coupled simulation between
Modelica simulation and the TOUGH simulation that calculates
the ground response. This is for issue 1495. |
| Buildings.Fluid.BaseClasses.FlowModels | |
| Buildings.Fluid.BaseClasses.FlowModels.powerLaw_dp Buildings.Fluid.BaseClasses.FlowModels.powerLaw_m_flow Buildings.Fluid.BaseClasses.FlowModels.powerLaw_dp_der Buildings.Fluid.BaseClasses.FlowModels.powerLaw_m_flow_der Buildings.Fluid.BaseClasses.FlowModels.powerLaw_dp_der2 Buildings.Fluid.BaseClasses.FlowModels.powerLaw_m_flow_der2 Buildings.Fluid.BaseClasses.FlowModels.powerLawData |
Added functions for pressure drop calculations with flow exponents between 1 and 2,
enabling modeling of partially turbulent flows such as in microchannel heat exchangers. This is for Buildings, #4620. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0 | |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Examples.SingleFamilyHouse.AirHeating_Autosizing Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Examples.SmallOffice.ASHRAE2006Summer_Autosizing Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Examples.SmallOffice.ASHRAE2006Winter_Autosizing Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Examples.SmallOffice.Guideline36Summer_Autosizing Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Examples.SmallOffice.Guideline36Winter_Autosizing Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Examples.SmallOffice.IdealHeatingCoolingSummer_Autosizing Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Examples.SmallOffice.IdealHeatingCoolingWinter_Autosizing Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Examples.SmallOffice.BaseClasses.Floor_Autosizing Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Examples.SmallOffice.BaseClasses.Floor_Autosizing_MultipleSystems |
Added example models for autosizing using EnergyPlus. This is for Buildings, #3866. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.SystemSizing | Added system sizing object for autosizing using EnergyPlus. This is for Buildings, #3866. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.BaseClasses.Sizing | Added sizing record for autosizing using EnergyPlus. This is for Buildings, #3866. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.UsersGuide | Added documentation for autosizing using EnergyPlus. This is for Buildings, #3866. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls | |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.PolyvalentHeatPumps | Added a package of subsequences specific to polyvalent heat pump controls
(mode alternation, staging parameters and minimum runtime assertion). This is for Buildings, #4512. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.Utilities.ConcatenateLogical Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.Utilities.ConcatenateParameterLogical Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.Utilities.ConcatenateSelectLogical |
Added blocks to concatenate Boolean arrays. This is for Buildings, #4512. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.HeatPumps | |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.HeatPumps.Subsequences.AssertMinimumRuntime Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.HeatPumps.Subsequences.EquipmentAvailability Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.HeatPumps.Subsequences.EventSequencingMultiple Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.HeatPumps.Subsequences.EventSequencingSingle Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.HeatPumps.Subsequences.RoutingPrimaryPumpStatus Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.HeatPumps.Subsequences.SelectModeState |
Added control subsequences for heat pump staging, equipment availability,
event sequencing for multiple heat pumps, and primary pump status
routing, supporting both reversible and polyvalent heat pumps. This is for Buildings, #4512. |
| Buildings.Templates.Components | |
| Buildings.Templates.Components.Types.HeatPumpCapability | Added enumeration to specify the operating mode capability of a heat pump:
heating only, reversible (2-pipe), or polyvalent (4-pipe). This is for Buildings, #4512. |
The following existing components have been improved in a backward compatible way:
| Buildings.Air.Systems.SingleZone.VAV.Examples.OptimalStart | |
| Buildings.Air.Systems.SingleZone.VAV.Examples.OptimalStart.BaseClasses.ZoneWithAHUConventional Buildings.Air.Systems.SingleZone.VAV.Examples.OptimalStart.BaseClasses.ZoneWithAHUG36 |
Changed the class type from block to model. This is for Buildings, issue 4606. |
| Buildings.Fluid.FixedResistances | |
| Buildings.Fluid.FixedResistances.PressureDrop | Updated to allow a flow exponent between 1 and 2,
enabling modeling of partially turbulent flows such as in microchannel heat exchangers. This is for Buildings, #4620. |
| Buildings.Fluid.FixedResistances.BaseClasses.PlugFlowTransportDelay | Added nominal attribute to state variable. This is for IBPSA, issue 2132. |
| Buildings.Fluid.HeatExchangers | |
| Buildings.Fluid.HeatExchangers.DryCoilCounterFlow Buildings.Fluid.HeatExchangers.DryCoilDiscretized Buildings.Fluid.HeatExchangers.DryCoilEffectivenessNTU Buildings.Fluid.HeatExchangers.PlateHeatExchangerEffectivenessNTU Buildings.Fluid.HeatExchangers.WetCoilCounterFlow Buildings.Fluid.HeatExchangers.WetCoilDiscretized Buildings.Fluid.HeatExchangers.WetCoilEffectivenessNTU |
Updated parameters to consistently expose ratio of heat transfer coefficients and
exponents for convective heat transfer coefficients. This is for Buildings, #4620. |
| Buildings.Fluid.Interfaces | |
| Buildings.Fluid.Interfaces.ConservationEquation | Added nominal attribute to state variable. This is for IBPSA, issue 2132. |
| Buildings.Fluid.Sensors | |
| Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.DensityTwoPort Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.EnthalpyFlowRate Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.EntropyFlowRate Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.LatentEnthalpyFlowRate Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.MassFractionTwoPort Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.PPMTwoPort Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.RelativeHumidityTwoPort Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.SensibleEnthalpyFlowRate Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.SpecificEnthalpyTwoPort Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.SpecificEntropyTwoPort Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.TemperatureTwoPort Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.TemperatureWetBulbTwoPort Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.TraceSubstancesTwoPort Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.Velocity Buildings.Fluid.Sensors.VolumeFlowRate |
Added nominal attribute to state variable. This is for IBPSA, issue 2132. |
| Buildings.HeatTransfer.Windows | |
| Buildings.HeatTransfer.Windows.BaseClasses.Overhang | Changed the class type from block to model. This is for Buildings, issue 4606. |
| Buildings.BoundaryConditions | |
| Buildings.BoundaryConditions.SolarGeometry.IncidenceAngle Buildings.BoundaryConditions.SolarGeometry.ZenithAngle Buildings.BoundaryConditions.SolarIrradiation.DiffuseIsotropic Buildings.BoundaryConditions.SolarIrradiation.DiffusePerez Buildings.BoundaryConditions.SolarIrradiation.DirectTiltedSurface Buildings.BoundaryConditions.SolarIrradiation.GlobalPerezTiltedSurface |
Changed the class type from block to model. This is for IBPSA, issue 2122. |
| Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL | |
| Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Integers.Change Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Logical.Change |
Replaced initial equation with start attribute on input. This is for Buildings, issue 4581. |
| Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Logical.Edge Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Logical.FallingEdge Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Logical.Pre Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Logical.TrueFalseHold |
Replaced initial equation with start attribute on input. This is for IBPSA, #2136. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.Detailed | |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.Detailed.Examples.FFD | Improved C source codes and recompiled FFD library to allow the examples being simulated with OpenModelica. This is for Buildings, #4015. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0 | |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.ThermalZone | Added parameters in record for autosizing with EnergyPlus. Added parameter, with default as zero, for considering infiltration flow during autosizing for EnergyPlus. Updated exchange with C-code to exchange variables for autosizing with EnergyPlus. This is for Buildings, #3866. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Actuator Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.OpaqueConstruction Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.OutputVariable Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Schedule Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.ThermalZone Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.ZoneSurface |
Updated exchange with C-code to exchange variables for autosizing with EnergyPlus. This is for Buildings, #3866. |
| Buildings.Fluid.Sources | |
| Buildings.Fluid.Sources.BaseClasses.PartialSource Buildings.Fluid.Sources.BaseClasses.PartialAirSource |
Removed deprecated cardinality function.Removed protected parameter flowDirection as it was set to Bidirectional and had no effect on the model.
The annoation mayOnlyConnectOnce must not be used for these models as they are often used to set the
reference presssure in closed system flow networks.This is for Buildings, #4607. |
| Buildings.Fluid.Sources.TraceSubstancesFlowSource | Removed deprecated cardinality function and replaced with mayOnlyConnectOnce annotation.Removed protected parameter flowDirection as it was set to Bidirectional and had no effect on the model.This is for Buildings, #4607. |
| Buildings.Templates | |
| Buildings.Templates.Components.Fans.ArrayVariable Buildings.Templates.Components.Fans.SingleConstant Buildings.Templates.Components.Fans.SingleVariable Buildings.Templates.Components.Pumps.Multiple Buildings.Templates.Components.Pumps.Single |
Refactored to use a compiler-friendly mover model. This is for Buildings, #4653. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.HeatPumps.AirToWater | Refactored with a single instance of SortRuntime for both modes.This is for Buildings, #4624. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.StagingRotation.EquipmentEnable | Added logic to remove unavailable equipment from staging order.
Removed restriction on enable state updates.
Modularized the implementation. This is for Buildings, #4624. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.StagingRotation.SortRuntime | Corrected runtime weighting for unavailable units.
Updated handling and default value of runtime initialization. This is for Buildings, #4624. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.StagingRotation.StageCompletion | Use both enable command and returned status to handle multiple operating
modes for polyvalent units. This is for Buildings, #4512. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.Utilities.TrueArrayConditional | Refactored using CDL Elementary Blocks. This is for Buildings, #4624. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.Detailed | |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.Detailed.Examples.FFD | Improved C source codes and recompiled FFD library to allow the examples being simulated with OpenModelica. This is for Buildings, #4015. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0 | |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.Validation.MultipleBuildings | Improved C source codes to allow the validation model being simulated with OpenModelica. This is for Buildings, #3345. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.OpaqueConstruction | Removed deprecated cardinality function and replaced with mustBeConnected annotation.This is for Buildings, #4607. |
| Buildings.Utilities.IO.BCVTB | |
| Buildings.Utilities.IO.BCVTB.BaseClasses.FluidInterface | Removed protected parameter flowDirection as it was set to Bidirectional and had no effect on the model.This is for Buildings, #4607. |
| Buildings.Utilities.Psychrometrics | |
| Buildings.Utilities.Psychrometrics.TWetBul_TDryBulXi | Added nominal attribute for temperature. This is for IBPSA, #2155. |
The following existing components have been improved in a non-backward compatible way:
| Buildings.Templates.Components | |
| Buildings.Templates.Components.Data.HeatPump Buildings.Templates.Components.Interfaces.PartialHeatPump |
Replaced the is_rev parameter with typMod,
of the new type Buildings.Templates.Components.Types.HeatPumpCapability,
to also support polyvalent heat pumps.This is for Buildings, #4512. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls | |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.MinimumFlow.ControllerDualMode | Renamed to Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.MinimumFlow.ControllerHeatPumps
and refactored to support plants with polyvalent heat pumps.This is for Buildings, #4512. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.Pumps.Primary.VariableSpeed | Renamed to Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.Pumps.Primary.VariableSpeedWithHeatPumps
and refactored to support plants with polyvalent heat pumps.This is for Buildings, #4512. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.StagingRotation.EquipmentAvailability Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.StagingRotation.EventSequencing |
Removed and replaced with
Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.HeatPumps.Subsequences.EquipmentAvailability,
EventSequencingSingle,
which also support polyvalent heat pumps.This is for Buildings, #4512. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.Controls.Utilities.Initialization | Removed as it is no longer used. This is for Buildings, #4512. |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.HeatPumps | |
| Buildings.Templates.Plants.HeatPumps.AirToWater Buildings.Templates.Plants.HeatPumps.Components.Data.Controller Buildings.Templates.Plants.HeatPumps.Components.Data.HeatPumpGroup Buildings.Templates.Plants.HeatPumps.Components.Interfaces.PartialHeatPumpGroup Buildings.Templates.Plants.HeatPumps.Components.PumpsPrimaryDedicated Buildings.Templates.Plants.HeatPumps.Components.ValvesIsolation Buildings.Templates.Plants.HeatPumps.Configuration.HeatPumpPlant Buildings.Templates.Plants.HeatPumps.Data.HeatPumpPlant Buildings.Templates.Plants.HeatPumps.Interfaces.PartialHeatPumpPlant |
Refactored the heat pump plant template and its components to support polyvalent
heat pumps.
This renamed existing parameters, and added multiple new required configuration and
sizing parameters for polyvalent heat pumps. This is for Buildings, #4512. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0 | |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.BaseClasses.SpawnExternalObject | Corrected C function implementation to comply with Modelica Language Standard. This change only affects the C function implementation and does not impact the Modelica function signature. This is for issue 4658. Added inputs for autosizing with EnergyPlus. This is for issue 3866. |
| Buildings.ThermalZones.EnergyPlus_24_2_0.BaseClasses.ThermalZoneAdapter | Added parameters for autosizing with EnergyPlus. This is for issue 3866. |
The following critical errors have been fixed (i.e., errors that can lead to wrong simulation results):
| Buildings.Fluid.HeaExchangers | |
| Buildings.Fluid.HeaExchangers.DryCooler | Corrected the initialization of the efficiency,
which assumed counter flow rather than cross flow with both streams unmixed. This is for Buildings, #4648. |
The following uncritical errors have been fixed (i.e., errors that do not lead to wrong simulation results, e.g., units are wrong or errors in documentation):
| Buildings.Fluid.DXSystems | |
| Buildings.Fluid.DXSystems.Cooling.BaseClasses.Evaporation | Added missing variable assignment for ununsed variable in a branch that will not compute evaporation. This is for Buildings, #4715. |
| Buildings.Fluid.Geothermal.Borefields.BaseClasses.HeatTransfer.ThermalResponseFactors | |
| Buildings.Fluid.Geothermal.Borefields.BaseClasses.HeatTransfer.ThermalResponseFactors.gFunction | Initialized local variables A and B to avoid use of uninitialized elements
of a matrix. This update does not change the results.This is for Buildings, #4707. |
| Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.ModularReversible.BaseClasses | |
| Buildings.Fluid.HeatPumps.ModularReversible.BaseClasses.PartialReversibleRefrigerantMachine | Corrected the flow reversal parameter in the condenser mass flow sensor
(allowFlowReversalEva was used instead of allowFlowReversalCon).
Also corrected the sensor description from evaporator to condenser.This is for IBPSA, #2162. |