modelSteamGenerator_L1

A steam generation and reaheater model using characteristic lines and transfer functions

Extends from ClaRa.SubSystems.Boiler.CoalSupplyBoiler_base (The coal mills and the boiler), ClaRa.Basics.Icons.ComplexityLevel (Displays the complexity level inside model icon ).

Information

This steam generator model is based on transfer functions and characteristic lines. The aim of this model is to provide reasonable boundary conditions for other parts of the water steam cycle depending on the currend load. Be careful when combining this model with controllers and other physically motivated models as the model may behave in a unrealistic manner when used in off-design statesd!

Usage advices:

  • The default parameter set do not refer to any real plant
  • The inlet pressures (feedwater and cold reheat) are calculated due to the given relative heating power given. Any effects of disturbances in the equlibrium of heating and cooling are neglected. The model provides an ideal feedwater pressure condition (independent from the expansion or the preheating path)
  • The inlet pressures (feedwater and cold reheat) take pressure losses using a caracteristic line into account. Any effects of local changing phsical states are neglected
  • The live steam temperature is ideally controlled at a variable temperature. This temperature is used to calculate the live steam specific enthalpy
  • The hot reheat temperature is ideally following the design profile. This temperature is used to calculate the hot reheat specific enthalpy
  • At the lifesteam outlet adn the hot reheat outlet either an ideal pressure boundary condition or an ideal mass flow boundary is provided, not both at the same time. This means for instance that a boiler defining an ideal live steam pressure (as defined in the corresponding characteristic line for part load definition) the mass flow depends on the flow model (e.g. a turbine mode) following the boiler. This mass flow rate may differ from the design mass flow rate. However, there is no feedback of the surrounding models to the ideal beahaviour of the boiler.
  • Be careful with turbine valve throttling the steam storage and mass flow through the valve will not be modelled in a correct way! The turbine valve opeing is included for the sake of completeness (see VDI cuideline 3508).

For detailed model documentation please consult the html-documentation shipped with ClaRa.

 


Authorship and Copyright Statement for original (initial) Contribution

Author:

DYNCAP/DYNSTART development team, Copyright © 2011-2024.

References:

For references please consult the html-documentation shipped with ClaRa.

Remarks:

This component was developed by ClaRa development team under the 3-clause BSD License.

Acknowledgements:

ClaRa originated from the collaborative research projects DYNCAP and DYNSTART. Both research projects were supported by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (FKZ 03ET2009 and FKZ 03ET7060).

CLA:

The author(s) have agreed to ClaRa CLA, version 1.0. See https://claralib.com/pdf/CLA.pdf

By agreeing to ClaRa CLA, version 1.0 the author has granted the ClaRa development team a permanent right to use and modify his initial contribution as well as to publish it or its modified versions under the 3-clause BSD License.

The ClaRa development team consists of the following partners:

TLK-Thermo GmbH (Braunschweig, Germany)

XRG Simulation GmbH (Hamburg, Germany).

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Units.SI.Pressurep_LS_nom300e5|Nominal Operation|Nominal values - SI units!|Nominal life steam pressure
Modelica.Units.SI.Pressurep_RH_nom60e5|Nominal Operation|Nominal values - SI units!|Nominal reheat outlet pressure
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDelta_p_nomHP40e5|Nominal Operation|Nominal values - SI units!|Nominal main pressure loss
Modelica.Units.SI.PressureDelta_p_nomIP4e5|Nominal Operation|Nominal values - SI units!|Nominal reheat pressure loss
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFlowRatem_flow_nomLS419|Nominal Operation|Nominal values - SI units!|Nominal life steam flow rate
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_RH_nom833|Nominal Operation|Nominal values - SI units!|Nominal reheater outlet temperature
Real[:,:]CL_mLS_QF_[0, 0.32; 0.34, 0.32; 1, 1]|Part Load|Part Load Definition using p.u.!|Characteristic line live steam flow as function of thermal output
Real[:,:]CL_pLS_QF_[0, 0.32; 0.34, 0.32; 1, 1]|Part Load|Part Load Definition using p.u.!|Characteristic line live steam pressure as function of thermal output
Real[:,:]CL_Valve_[0, 0; 1, 1]|Part Load|Part Load Definition using p.u.!|Characteristics of the turbine valve
Real[:,:]CL_Delta_pHP_mLS_[0, 0; 0.1, 0.01; 0.2, 0.04; 0.3, 0.09; 0.4, 0.16; 0.5, 0.25; 0.6, 0.36; 0.7, 0.49; 0.8, 0.64; 0.9, 0.81; 1, 1]|Part Load|Part Load Definition using p.u.!|Characteristic line of HP pressure drop as function of mass flow rate
Real[:,:]CL_Delta_pIP_mLS_[0, 0; 0.1, 0.01; 0.2, 0.04; 0.3, 0.09; 0.4, 0.16; 0.5, 0.25; 0.6, 0.36; 0.7, 0.49; 0.8, 0.64; 0.9, 0.81; 1, 1]|Part Load|Part Load Definition using p.u.!|Characteristic line of reheat pressure drop as function of mass flow rate
Real[:,2]CL_Ip_Hp_{{0.2500, 0.0951}, {0.3333, 0.1493}, {0.4167, 0.2141}, {0.5000, 0.2903}, {0.5833, 0.3776}, {0.6667, 0.4770}, {0.7500, 0.5885}, {0.8333, 0.7129}, {0.9167, 0.8500}, {1.0000, 1.0000}}|Part Load|Part Load Definition using p.u.!|Characteristic line IP pressure over HP pressure (p.u.)
Real[:,:]CL_Trh_Q_[0, 0.9004; 0.4000, 0.9604; 0.5000, 0.9784; 0.7500, 1.0000; 1.0000, 1.0000]|Part Load|Part Load Definition using p.u.!|Temperature after reheat
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTau_dead120|Transients and Control Definition|Time Response Definition|Equivalent dead time of steam generation
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTau_bal200|Transients and Control Definition|Time Response Definition|Balancing time of steam generation
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTau_stor200|Transients and Control Definition|Time Response Definition|Integration time of steam storage
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTau_IP(10 + 25)/2|Transients and Control Definition|Time Response Definition|Time Constant for Energy Storage in IP/LP turbine
BooleanyTInputIsActivefalse|Transients and Control Definition|Time Response Definition| True, if connector is active, else constant valve opening
Realy_T_const_1|Transients and Control Definition|Time Response Definition|Constant turbine valve aperture
BooleanshowExpertSummaryfalse|Summary and Visualisation||True, if expert summary should be applied
BooleanshowDatatrue|Summary and Visualisation||True, if a data port containing p,T,h,s,m_flow shall be shown, else false
Fundamental Definitions
TILMedia.VLEFluid.Types.BaseVLEFluidmedium (from CoalSupplyBoiler_base)simCenter.fluid1Medium in the component
BooleancalcOutletPressurestrueTrue, if the pressures at outlet shall be calculated

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
ClaRa.Basics.Interfaces.FluidPortOutlivesteam (from CoalSupplyBoiler_base)
ClaRa.Basics.Interfaces.FluidPortOutreheat_out (from CoalSupplyBoiler_base)
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputQF_setl_ (from CoalSupplyBoiler_base)Set value of thermal output in p.u.
ClaRa.Basics.Interfaces.FluidPortInfeedwater (from CoalSupplyBoiler_base)
ClaRa.Basics.Interfaces.FluidPortInreheat_in (from CoalSupplyBoiler_base)
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputyT_turbineValveCharacteristics.u[1]Turbine valve position
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutputh_evapevaporator outlet specific enthalpy
Basics.Interfaces.EyeOuteye_LS
Basics.Interfaces.EyeOuteye_RH

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
SimCentersimCenter (from CoalSupplyBoiler_base)
Stringcomplexity (from ComplexityLevel)"??"
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureT_LS823.15|Nominal Operation|Nominal values - SI units!|Value of life steam temperature
Modelica.Units.SI.Pressurep_LSLive steam pressure
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.LimIntegratorSteamStorageA simple way to model the mass storage in the boiler
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Feedbackfeedback
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.TransferFunctionheatReleasecomprehends the coal supply, the heat release and the steam generation
Modelica.Blocks.Math.ProductturbineValveModelEffect of steam flow throtteling
Modelica.Blocks.Tables.CombiTable1DvturbineValveCharacteristics
Modelica.Blocks.Tables.CombiTable1Dvconvert2LiveSteamFlow
Modelica.Blocks.Tables.CombiTable1Dvconvert2LiveSteamPressure
Modelica.Blocks.Tables.CombiTable1Dvconvert2PressureDrop_HP
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.FirstOrderenergyStroage_RH_IPLP_turbine
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Gainto_pRH
Modelica.Blocks.Tables.CombiTable1Dvconvert2IntermediatePressure
TILMedia.VLEFluid.MixtureCompatible.VLEFluid_pTliveSteam
TILMedia.VLEFluid.MixtureCompatible.VLEFluid_pTreheatedSteam
Modelica.Blocks.Tables.CombiTable1Dvconvert2reheatTemperature
Modelica.Blocks.Tables.CombiTable1Dvconvert2reheatMassFlow
Modelica.Blocks.Tables.CombiTable1Dvconvert2PressureDrop_IP
Fundamentals.BoilerSummarysummaryIdealValues as defined by transfer functions
Fundamentals.BoilerSummarysummaryRealValues as seen at connectors

Revisions

For revisions please consult the html-documentation shipped with ClaRa.