longwave radiative heat exchange of an exterior surface with the
environment
Longwave radiation between the surface and environment 
is
determined as 
as
derived from the Stefan-Boltzmann law wherefore 
the Stefan-Boltzmann constant [Mohr 2008], 
the
longwave emissivity of the exterior surface, 
the radiant-interchange configuration factor between the surface
and sky [Hamilton
1952], and the surface and the environment respectively and
and
are
the exterior surface and sky temperature respectively. Shortwave
solar irradiation absorbed by the exterior surface is determined as
where
is the
shortwave absorption of the surface and 
the
total irradiation on the depicted surface.
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