modelR02AD03
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C.
Information
| name: | Cocaine | |
| ATC code: | R02AD03 | route: | intravenous |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 32 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 2.7 | L |
| clearance: | 98 | mL/min/kg |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Cocaine is a powerful central nervous system stimulant derived from the leaves of the Erythroxylum coca plant. It was historically used as a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor, especially in ophthalmology and otolaryngology. Due to its high potential for abuse, dependence, and serious adverse effects, the medical use of cocaine is now extremely limited, and it is primarily classified as a controlled substance in most countries.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters based on adult healthy volunteers after intravenous administration.
References
Rook, EJ, et al., & Beijnen, JH (2006). Population pharmacokinetics of heroin and its major metabolites. Clinical pharmacokinetics 45(4) 401–417. DOI:10.2165/00003088-200645040-00005 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16584286
van Amsterdam, J, & van den Brink, W (2025). Explaining the high mortality among opioid-cocaine co-users compared to opioid-only users. A systematic review. Journal of addictive diseases 43(2) 121–131. DOI:10.1080/10550887.2024.2331522 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38504419
Fattinger, K, et al., & Verotta, D (2000). Nasal mucosal versus gastrointestinal absorption of nasally administered cocaine. European journal of clinical pharmacology 56(4) 305–310. DOI:10.1007/s002280000147 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10954344
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)