modelR03CA02_1
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C.
Information
| name: | Ephedrine_1 | |
| ATC code: | R03CA02_1 | route: | intravenous |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 25 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 1.91 | L |
| clearance: | 23 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine used as a medication and stimulant. It is primarily employed to prevent low blood pressure during anesthesia, for the treatment of nasal congestion, and historically as a bronchodilator for asthma. Due to potential side effects and abuse, its use for asthma and as an over-the-counter stimulant has become less common; however, it remains approved and is still used in clinical settings worldwide for specific indications.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters derived from healthy adult subjects after intravenous administration.
References
Hahn, RG (2021). Distribution of crystalloid fluid infused during onset of anesthesia-induced hypotension: a retrospective population kinetic analysis. Perioperative medicine (London, England) 10(1) 34–None. DOI:10.1186/s13741-021-00204-5 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34629113
Partridge, BL, et al., & Reisner, LS (1988). Life-threatening effects of intravascular absorption of PGF2 alpha during therapeutic termination of pregnancy. Anesthesia and analgesia 67(11) 1111–1113. PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3189904
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)