modelR07AX01

Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C.

Information

name:NitricOxide
ATC code:R07AX01
route:inhalation
compartments:1
dosage:20mg
volume of distribution:0.48L
clearance:90L/h/kg
other parameters in model implementation

Nitric oxide is an inhaled gas approved for the treatment of hypoxic respiratory failure in neonates and infants with pulmonary hypertension. It acts as a selective pulmonary vasodilator, improving oxygenation and decreasing the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Due to its short half-life and rapid inactivation by hemoglobin, it acts locally in the pulmonary vasculature. Nitric oxide is not used orally or intravenously, and its clinical administration is limited to controlled inhalation.

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetic parameters are primarily determined in neonates and young children with pulmonary hypertension receiving inhaled nitric oxide; data derived from clinical use and PK estimates.

References

  1. Bateman, RM, et al., & Prandi, E (2016). 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine : Brussels, Belgium. 15-18 March 2016. Critical care (London, England) 20(Suppl 2) 94–None. DOI:10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27885969

  2. Bjermer, L (2011). Targeting small airways, a step further in asthma management. The clinical respiratory journal 5(3) 131–135. DOI:10.1111/j.1752-699X.2011.00240.x PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21501394

  3. Tamada, T, et al., & Ichinose, M (2015). Biomarker-based detection of asthma-COPD overlap syndrome in COPD populations. International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 10 2169–2176. DOI:10.2147/COPD.S88274 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26491283

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Units.SI.Massweight (from PK_1C)75patient weight (kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolumeVdPerKg (from PK_1C)0.9Volume of distribution (L/kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFractionF (from PK_1C)0.8bioavailiability (0-1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.ClearanceCl (from PK_1C)20clearance
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminTime (from PK_1C)60first administration time (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminDuration (from PK_1C)600administration duration (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminPeriod (from PK_1C)8*60*60period of administration (default 8 hours)(s)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassadminMass (from PK_1C)1000administration mass (mg)
IntegeradminCount (from PK_1C)8number of dose administered (1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.VolumeVd (from PK_1C)VdPerKg*weightVolume of distribution (m3)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmin (from PK_1C)0.004minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmax (from PK_1C)0.008minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_peak (from PK_1C)0.012toxicity peak level
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_trough (from PK_1C)0.006toxicity trough level

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Types.ConcentrationOutputC_central (from PK_1C)
Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_bcentralCPort (from PK_1C)

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentcentral (from PK_1C)
Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenEliminationelim (from PK_1C)
Sources.PeriodicDoseperiodicDose (from PK_1C)
Modelica.Units.SI.Timet1_2 (from PK_1C)elimination half-life

Revisions

  • 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)