.Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.S.S01HA01

Information

Cocaine is a tropane alkaloid with local anesthetic and central nervous system stimulant properties. It blocks the reuptake of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. In medicine, it has been used for topical anesthesia of mucous membranes, particularly in ophthalmological and otorhinolaryngological procedures. Its medical use is now highly restricted due to significant potential for abuse and toxicity.

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetic data from healthy adult males following intravenous administration during clinical local anesthetic procedures.

References

1. Rook, EJ, et al., & Beijnen, JH (2006). Population pharmacokinetics of heroin and its major metabolites. Clinical pharmacokinetics 45(4) 401–417. DOI:10.2165/00003088-200645040-00005 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16584286

2. van Amsterdam, J, & van den Brink, W (2025). Explaining the high mortality among opioid-cocaine co-users compared to opioid-only users. A systematic review. Journal of addictive diseases 43(2) 121–131. DOI:10.1080/10550887.2024.2331522 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38504419

3. Fattinger, K, et al., & Verotta, D (2000). Nasal mucosal versus gastrointestinal absorption of nasally administered cocaine. European journal of clinical pharmacology 56(4) 305–310. DOI:10.1007/s002280000147 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10954344

Revisions

• 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)