modelV03AB54

Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C.

Information

name:PralidoximeAndAtropine
ATC code:V03AB54
route:intravenous
compartments:2
dosage:1000mg
volume of distribution:22L
clearance:8.5L/h
other parameters in model implementation

Pralidoxime and atropine is a drug combination used in the management of organophosphate poisoning. Atropine acts as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, alleviating symptoms of muscarinic toxicity, while pralidoxime reactivates acetylcholinesterase inhibited by organophosphates. This combination is approved for emergency treatment of nerve agent and organophosphate pesticide poisoning.

Pharmacokinetics

Estimated pharmacokinetics for adult humans based on individual agent parameters as no published studies were identified characterizing the combined formulation. Parameters are informed by published PK of pralidoxime and atropine administered intravenously to healthy adults.

References

    Parameters

    TypeNameDefaultDescription
    Modelica.Units.SI.Massweight (from PK_1C)75patient weight (kg)
    Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolumeVdPerKg (from PK_1C)0.9Volume of distribution (L/kg)
    Modelica.Units.SI.MassFractionF (from PK_1C)0.8bioavailiability (0-1)
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.ClearanceCl (from PK_1C)20clearance
    Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminTime (from PK_1C)60first administration time (s)
    Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminDuration (from PK_1C)600administration duration (s)
    Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminPeriod (from PK_1C)8*60*60period of administration (default 8 hours)(s)
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassadminMass (from PK_1C)1000administration mass (mg)
    IntegeradminCount (from PK_1C)8number of dose administered (1)
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.VolumeVd (from PK_1C)VdPerKg*weightVolume of distribution (m3)
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmin (from PK_1C)0.004minimal therapeutic range
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmax (from PK_1C)0.008minimal therapeutic range
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_peak (from PK_1C)0.012toxicity peak level
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_trough (from PK_1C)0.006toxicity trough level
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.VolumeVdp (from PK_2C)VdpPerKg*weightVolume of distribution (m3)
    Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolumeVdpPerKg (from PK_2C)0.9Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg)
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearancek12 (from PK_2C)1intercompartmental C-P clearance
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearancek21 (from PK_2C)1intercompartmental P-C clearance

    Connectors

    TypeNameDefaultDescription
    Types.ConcentrationOutputC_central (from PK_1C)
    Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_bcentralCPort (from PK_1C)
    Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_bperipheralCPort (from PK_2C)
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutputC_peripheral1 (from PK_2C)

    Components

    TypeNameDefaultDescription
    Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentcentral (from PK_1C)
    Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenEliminationelim (from PK_1C)
    Sources.PeriodicDoseperiodicDose (from PK_1C)
    Modelica.Units.SI.Timet1_2 (from PK_1C)elimination half-life
    Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSymtransfer (from PK_2C)
    Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentperipheral (from PK_2C)

    Revisions

    • 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)