.Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.A_AlimentaryTractAndMetabolism.A03D_AntispasmodicsInCombinationWithAnalgesics.A03DA04_CicloniumAndAnalgesics.CicloniumAndAnalgesics

Information

name:CicloniumAndAnalgesics
ATC code:A03DA04
route:oral
n-compartments1

Ciclonium is an antispasmodic drug belonging to the class of quaternary ammonium compounds, used in combination with analgesics for the treatment of gastrointestinal spasms and related pain. It acts by inhibiting muscarinic receptors leading to smooth muscle relaxation. This ATC code refers to fixed-dose combinations of ciclonium with analgesic agents. Ciclonium is an older drug, not widely used or approved in many countries today.

Pharmacokinetics

No published human pharmacokinetic studies found; values below are model estimates based on the profile of similar quaternary ammonium antispasmodics administered orally in adults.

References

  1. Lugo, RA, & Kern, SE (2004). The pharmacokinetics of oxycodone. Journal of pain & palliative care pharmacotherapy 18(4) 17–30. DOI:10.1300/j354v18n04_03 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15760805

  2. Moore, RA, et al., & Straube, S (2015). Effects of food on pharmacokinetics of immediate release oral formulations of aspirin, dipyrone, paracetamol and NSAIDs - a systematic review. British journal of clinical pharmacology 80(3) 381–388. DOI:10.1111/bcp.12628 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25784216

  3. Thigpen, JC, et al., & Harirforoosh, S (2019). Opioids: A Review of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Neonates, Infants, and Children. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics 44(5) 591–609. DOI:10.1007/s13318-019-00552-0 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31006834

Revisions


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