modelMelphalan

Diagram of Melphalan

Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.L.L01AA03.

Information

name:Melphalan
ATC code:L01AA03
route:intravenous
compartments:2
dosage:140mg
volume of distribution:48.2L
clearance:0.436L/min
other parameters in model implementation

Melphalan is an alkylating agent used in the treatment of multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer. It works by cross-linking DNA, thus inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis and leading to cell death. It is still approved and in clinical use, particularly for hematological malignancies.

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetic parameters derived from adult patients with multiple myeloma receiving intravenous melphalan for conditioning therapy prior to stem cell transplantation.

References

  1. Nath, CE, et al., & Earl, J (2010). Population pharmacokinetics of melphalan in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing high dose therapy. British journal of clinical pharmacology 69(5) 484–497. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03638.x PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20573084

  2. Nath, CE, et al., & Earl, JW (2007). Population pharmacokinetics of melphalan in paediatric blood or marrow transplant recipients. British journal of clinical pharmacology 64(2) 151–164. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.02862.x PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17324241

  3. Mougenot, P, et al., & Bressolle, F (2004). Population pharmacokinetics of melphalan, infused over a 24-hour period, in patients with advanced malignancies. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 53(6) 503–512. DOI:10.1007/s00280-003-0761-2 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15007638

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Units.SI.Massweight (from PK_1C)75patient weight (kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolumeVdPerKg (from PK_1C)0.9Volume of distribution (L/kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFractionF (from PK_1C)0.8bioavailiability (0-1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.ClearanceCl (from PK_1C)20clearance
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminTime (from PK_1C)60first administration time (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminDuration (from PK_1C)600administration duration (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminPeriod (from PK_1C)8*60*60period of administration (default 8 hours)(s)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassadminMass (from PK_1C)1000administration mass (mg)
IntegeradminCount (from PK_1C)8number of dose administered (1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.VolumeVd (from PK_1C)VdPerKg*weightVolume of distribution (m3)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmin (from PK_1C)0.004minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmax (from PK_1C)0.008minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_peak (from PK_1C)0.012toxicity peak level
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_trough (from PK_1C)0.006toxicity trough level
Pharmacolibrary.Types.VolumeVdp (from PK_2C)VdpPerKg*weightVolume of distribution (m3)
Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolumeVdpPerKg (from PK_2C)0.9Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearancek12 (from PK_2C)1intercompartmental C-P clearance
Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearancek21 (from PK_2C)1intercompartmental P-C clearance

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Types.ConcentrationOutputC_central (from PK_1C)
Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_bcentralCPort (from PK_1C)
Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_bperipheralCPort (from PK_2C)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutputC_peripheral1 (from PK_2C)

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentcentral (from PK_1C)
Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenEliminationelim (from PK_1C)
Sources.PeriodicDoseperiodicDose (from PK_1C)
Modelica.Units.SI.Timet1_2 (from PK_1C)elimination half-life
Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSymtransfer (from PK_2C)
Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentperipheral (from PK_2C)

Revisions

  • 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)