modelTemozolomide

Diagram of Temozolomide

Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.L.L01AX03.

Information

name:Temozolomide
ATC code:L01AX03
route:oral
compartments:1
dosage:150mg
volume of distribution:0.4L
clearance:2.5L/h/m2
other parameters in model implementation

Temozolomide is an oral alkylating agent, primarily used in the treatment of certain brain tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma. It is approved for use in many countries and is considered a standard of care for high-grade gliomas.

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetic parameters reported for adult cancer patients (glioblastoma), mixed sexes, typical age range 18-70 years, normal renal and hepatic function.

References

  1. Singh, R, et al., & Beumer, JH (2019). Population pharmacokinetics and exposure-response assessment of veliparib co-administered with temozolomide in patients with myeloid leukemias. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 83(2) 319–328. DOI:10.1007/s00280-018-3731-4 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30456480

  2. Büsker, S, et al., & Peyrl, A (2022). Pharmacokinetics of metronomic temozolomide in cerebrospinal fluid of children with malignant central nervous system tumors. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 89(5) 617–627. DOI:10.1007/s00280-022-04424-4 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35355137

  3. Panetta, JC, et al., & Stewart, CF (2003). Population pharmacokinetics of temozolomide and metabolites in infants and children with primary central nervous system tumors. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 52(6) 435–441. DOI:10.1007/s00280-003-0670-4 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13680158

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Units.SI.Massweight (from PK_1C)75patient weight (kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolumeVdPerKg (from PK_1C)0.9Volume of distribution (L/kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFractionF (from PK_1C)0.8bioavailiability (0-1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.ClearanceCl (from PK_1C)20clearance
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminTime (from PK_1C)60first administration time (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminDuration (from PK_1C)600administration duration (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminPeriod (from PK_1C)8*60*60period of administration (default 8 hours)(s)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassadminMass (from PK_1C)1000administration mass (mg)
IntegeradminCount (from PK_1C)8number of dose administered (1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.VolumeVd (from PK_1C)VdPerKg*weightVolume of distribution (m3)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmin (from PK_1C)0.004minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmax (from PK_1C)0.008minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_peak (from PK_1C)0.012toxicity peak level
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_trough (from PK_1C)0.006toxicity trough level
Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRateka (from PK_1C_enteral)0.016666666666666666first order absorption rate
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTlag (from PK_1C_enteral)600delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min)

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Types.ConcentrationOutputC_central (from PK_1C)
Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_bcentralCPort (from PK_1C)

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentcentral (from PK_1C)
Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenEliminationelim (from PK_1C)
Sources.PeriodicDoseperiodicDose (from PK_1C)
Modelica.Units.SI.Timet1_2 (from PK_1C)elimination half-life

Revisions

  • 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)