modelNivolumab
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.L.L01FF01.
Information
| name: | Nivolumab | |
| ATC code: | L01FF01 | route: | intravenous |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 3 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 8.0 | L |
| clearance: | 0.28 | L/day |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Nivolumab is a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that inhibits the programmed death-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint pathway. It is approved for the treatment of various cancers, including metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and others. Nivolumab enhances anti-tumor immune responses by blocking PD-1 receptor from binding to its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained from studies in adult patients with cancer, both male and female, across different tumor types. Data primarily reflect intravenous administration in clinical trial populations.
References
Albiges, L, et al., & George, S (2025). Subcutaneous versus intravenous nivolumab for renal cell carcinoma. Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology 36(1) 99–107. DOI:10.1016/j.annonc.2024.09.002 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39288844
Osawa, M, et al., & Hruska, MW (2019). Population pharmacokinetics analysis of nivolumab in Asian and non-Asian patients with gastric and gastro-esophageal junction cancers. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 83(4) 705–715. DOI:10.1007/s00280-019-03771-z PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30666395
Wang, W, et al., & Yang, G (2024). Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Immunogenicity of a Biosimilar of Nivolumab (LY01015): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Controlled Phase I Clinical Trial in Healthy Chinese Male Subjects. BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy 38(6) 855–865. DOI:10.1007/s40259-024-00679-w PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39317850
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)