modelNitazoxanide
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.P.P01AX11.
Information
| name: | Nitazoxanide | |
| ATC code: | P01AX11 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 500 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 1.38 | L |
| clearance: | 10.9 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Nitazoxanide is a synthetic nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide derivative with broad-spectrum antiparasitic and antiviral activity. Originally developed and approved for treating protozoal infections such as Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum, nitazoxanide is currently approved in multiple regions for the treatment of infectious diarrhea caused by these organisms in both children and adults.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters reported for healthy adult volunteers after a single oral administration of 500 mg nitazoxanide tablet. Parameters are for its active circulating metabolite, tizoxanide.
References
Rajoli, RK, et al., & Owen, A (2020). Dose prediction for repurposing nitazoxanide in SARS-CoV-2 treatment or chemoprophylaxis. medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences None –. DOI:10.1101/2020.05.01.20087130 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32511548
Zhang, CX, et al., & Arnold, SLM (2022). Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Clofazimine for Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 66(1) e0156021–None. DOI:10.1128/AAC.01560-21 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34748385
Senkowski, W, et al., & Fryknäs, M (2015). Three-Dimensional Cell Culture-Based Screening Identifies the Anthelmintic Drug Nitazoxanide as a Candidate for Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Molecular cancer therapeutics 14(6) 1504–1516. DOI:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-14-0792 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25911689
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)