.Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.R_RespiratorySystem.R03A_AdrenergicsInhalants.R03AL11_FormoterolGlycopyrroniumBromideA.FormoterolGlycopyrroniumBromideA

Information

A fixed-dose combination inhalation medication used in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It combines formoterol (a long-acting beta-2 agonist), glycopyrronium bromide (a long-acting muscarinic antagonist), and budesonide (an inhaled corticosteroid). Approved and used today for maintenance treatment to improve lung function and reduce exacerbations.

Pharmacokinetics

Estimated typical population pharmacokinetic parameters for adults with asthma or COPD treated via inhalation, based on published individual PK studies of each component, as no publication specifically reports the PK of the fixed triple combination.

References

1. Dorinsky, P, et al., & Reisner, C (2018). Safety and pharmacokinetics of budesonide/glycopyrronium/formoterol fumarate dihydrate metered dose inhaler (BGF MDI) in healthy adult subjects of Japanese descent. Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics 51 18–25. DOI:10.1016/j.pupt.2018.05.001 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29763659

2. Chen, Q, et al., & Dorinsky, P (2019). Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Budesonide/Glycopyrronium/Formoterol Fumarate Dihydrate and Glycopyrronium/Formoterol Fumarate Dihydrate Metered Dose Inhalers in Healthy Chinese Adults: A Randomized, Double-blind, Parallel-group Study. Clinical therapeutics 41(5) 897–909.e1. DOI:10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.03.007 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30982547

3. Aurivillius, M, et al., & Gillen, M (2023). Relative bioavailability of budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate triple therapy delivered using next generation propellants with low global warming potential. Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics 83 102245–None. DOI:10.1016/j.pupt.2023.102245 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37607661

Revisions

• 06/2025 initial generated model