.Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.S_SensoryOrgans.S01B_AntiinflammatoryAgents.S01BC05_Ketorolac.Ketorolac

Information

Ketorolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for short-term management of moderate to severe pain, commonly following surgeries. It works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, reducing the synthesis of prostaglandins. Ketorolac is approved for use in many countries and is available in oral, intravenous, intramuscular, and ophthalmic formulations. The ATC code S01BC05 refers specifically to its ophthalmic (eye drop) formulation for the treatment of eye pain and inflammation.

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetic parameters reported for healthy adult subjects, intravenous administration.

References

1. McLay, JS, et al., & Anderson, BJ (2018). The pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketorolac in children aged 2 months to 16 years: A population analysis. Paediatric anaesthesia 28(2) 80–86. DOI:10.1111/pan.13302 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29266539

2. Mohammed, BS, et al., & McLay, JS (2015). The enantioselective population pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketorolac in children using a stereoselective assay suitable for microanalysis. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology 67(9) 1179–1187. DOI:10.1111/jphp.12418 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25880462

3. Cohen, MN, et al., & Galinkin, J (2011). Pharmacokinetics of single-dose intravenous ketorolac in infants aged 2-11 months. Anesthesia and analgesia 112(3) 655–660. DOI:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182075d04 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21233498

Revisions

• 06/2025 initial generated model