.Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.S_SensoryOrgans.S01H_LocalAnesthetics.S01HA05_Procaine.Procaine

Information

name:Procaine
ATC code:S01HA05
route:intramuscular
n-compartments1

Procaine is an ester-type local anesthetic historically used for infiltration and nerve block anesthesia. It is known under the trade name Novocain, but it is largely replaced in modern medicine due to its short duration of action and higher allergenic potential compared to amide anesthetics. Its use in ophthalmology or systemic administration is rare or obsolete.

Pharmacokinetics

Estimated pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy adults. No directly referenced clinical pharmacokinetic study data available for procaine as S01HA05 (ophthalmological use) or other systemic administration.

References

  1. Li, M, et al., & Lin, Z (2019). An integrated experimental and physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling study of penicillin G in heavy sows. Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics 42(4) 461–475. DOI:10.1111/jvp.12766 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31012501

  2. Li, M, et al., & Lin, Z (2018). Probabilistic Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Penicillin G in Milk From Dairy Cows Following Intramammary or Intramuscular Administrations. Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 164(1) 85–100. DOI:10.1093/toxsci/kfy067 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29945226

  3. Tshefu, A, et al., & Cousens, S (2015). Oral amoxicillin compared with injectable procaine benzylpenicillin plus gentamicin for treatment of neonates and young infants with fast breathing when referral is not possible: a randomised, open-label, equivalence trial. Lancet (London, England) 385(9979) 1758–1766. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62285-6 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25842223

Revisions


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