modelContinuousCHP

Simple large CHP model with plant limits, time constants and fuel input matrix but without distinc operating states (always running)

Extends from Base.PartialCHP (Partial model of a large scale CHP plant with characteristics specified by PQ boundaries and PQ-Heat input table).

Information

1. Purpose of model

This model represents the simplest of all large scale CHP models in the library. It allows a quick representation of a CHP plant with three main characteristics:

  • Plant's operation limits
  • Plant's fuel input requirements based on electricity and heating outputs
  • Time delay between the plant's set point values and actual production values


This component extends from the base class TransiEnt.Producer.Combined.LargeScaleCHPpackage.Base.BaseLargeScaleCHP.


2. Level of detail, physical effects considered, and physical insight

(no remarks)

3. Limits of validity

(no remarks)

4. Interfaces

P_set: input for Power in [W]

Q_flow_set: input for heat flow rate in [W]

outlet: FluidPortOut

inlet: FluidPortIn

gasPortIn: RealGasPortIn

eye: Eyeout

epp: choice of power port

5. Nomenclature

(no remarks)

6. Governing Equations

(no remarks)

7. Remarks for Usage

Two things are required for using this component: parametrisation and set-value definition

The parametrisation of this component consists of the following steps:

  • C-Value: this corresponds to the power to heat ratio, defined as P_CHP/Q_useful. Common values can be taken from [1]
  • PQ-Boundaries: select a record representing the plant's PQ-boundaries as defined in the package: TransiEnt.Producer.Combined.LargeScaleCHPpackage.Base.PQboundariesPackage
  • Q_flow_input_PQDiagram: select a text file containing the fuel input matrix as defined in the component: TransiEnt.Distribution.Heat.HeatGridControl.HeatInput_f_PQ
  • Q_max: maximum heat flow output (default: value is automatically taken from the PQ-Boundaries)


Cascading CHP-plants:


Via parameter 'quantity' the whole CHP-plant is devided into several cascading CHP-plants which start up after one another. This implementation repeats the characteristic PQ-field several times. In total, the nominal electrical and thermal power add up to the nominal electrical and thermal power the whole CHP-plant. This is a way for a simple representation of several CHP-plants without having to model several instances of a CHP-plant-model.

8. Validation

(no remarks)

9. References

(no remarks)

10. Version History

Ricardo Peniche, 2016

Model modified by Oliver Schülting (oliver.schuelting@tuhh.de) in Nov 2018: added gasPort

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_n_total (from PartialCHP)Q_flow_n_CHP + Q_flow_n_Peak
Integerquantity (from PartialCHP)1
BooleanintegrateHeatFlow (from PartialCHP)falseTrue if heat flow shall be integrated
BooleanintegrateElectricPower (from PartialCHP)falseTrue if electric power shall be integrated
BooleanintegrateElectricPowerChp (from PartialCHP)falseTrue if electric power of the chp shall be integrated
SI.PowerP_el_n_single (from PartialCHP)P_el_n/quantity
SI.PowerQ_flow_n_CHP_single (from PartialCHP)Q_flow_n_CHP/quantity
Physical Constraints
TransiEnt.Producer.Combined.LargeScaleCHP.Base.Characteristics.Generic_PQ_CharacteristicsPQCharacteristics (from PartialCHP)TransiEnt.Producer.Combined.LargeScaleCHP.Base.Characteristics.PQ_Characteristics_WW1()Characteristics of CHP plant
Modelica.Units.SI.PowerP_el_n (from PartialCHP)300e6Installed capacity for investment cost calculation
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_n_CHP (from PartialCHP)PQCharacteristics.PQboundaries[end, 1]/PQCharacteristics.k_Q_flowMaximum possible heat flow according to PQ diagram
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_n_Peak (from PartialCHP)0Additional thermal capacity (e.g. peak load heaters)
BooleanuseConstantEfficiencies (from PartialCHP)falseTrue, constant efficiency over load
SI.Efficiencyeta_el_const (from PartialCHP)0.4Constant efficiency used if useConstantEfficiencies=true
SI.Efficiencyeta_th_const (from PartialCHP)0.5Constant efficiency used if useConstantEfficiencies=true
SI.Efficiencyeta_peakload (from PartialCHP)0.98Constant efficiency of peak load heater annotation
BooleanuseConstantSigma (from PartialCHP)falseTrue, use constant power to heat ration (sigma) instead of PQ characteristics
Realsigma (from PartialCHP)0.3Power to heat ration used only if useConstantSigma=true
RealP_grad_max_star0.03/60Fraction of nominal power per second (12% per minute)
SI.TimeT_steamGenerator0.5*(0.632/P_grad_max_star)Time constant of steam generator (overrides value of P_grad_max_star)
SI.TimeT_turboGenerator60Time constant of turbo generator
SI.TimeT_heatingCondenser40Time constant of heating condenser
Advanced › Initialization
SI.ActivePowerP_el_init (from PartialCHP)P_el_nInitial or guess value of output (= state)
SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_init (from PartialCHP)Q_flow_n_totalInitial or guess value of output (= state)
BooleanuseEfficiencyForInit (from PartialCHP)falseTrue, set efficiency; False set steam generator power at init
SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_SG_init (from PartialCHP)Q_flow_init + P_el_initInitial or guess value of output (= state) of steam generator
Realeta_el_init (from PartialCHP)0.4Thermal efficiency used at init time
SI.TemperatureT_feed_init120 + 273.15Start temperature of feed water
Statistics
TransiEnt.Basics.Types.TypeOfResourcetypeOfResource (from PartialCHP)TransiEnt.Basics.Types.TypeOfResource.CogenerationType of energy resource for global model statistics
TransiEnt.Basics.Types.TypeOfPrimaryEnergyCarriertypeOfPrimaryEnergyCarrier (from PartialCHP)TransiEnt.Basics.Types.TypeOfPrimaryEnergyCarrier.BlackCoalType of primary energy carrier for co2 emissions global statistics
TransiEnt.Basics.Types.TypeOfPrimaryEnergyCarrierHeattypeOfPrimaryEnergyCarrierHeat (from PartialCHP)TransiEnt.Basics.Types.TypeOfPrimaryEnergyCarrierHeat.BlackCoalType of primary energy carrier for heat for co2 emissions global statistics
TransiEnt.Basics.Types.TypeOfCO2AllocationMethodtypeOfCO2AllocationMethod (from PartialCHP)1Type of allocation method
Heating condenser parameters
TILMedia.VLEFluidTypes.BaseVLEFluidmedium (from PartialCHP)simCenter.fluid1Medium to be used
Modelica.Units.SI.Pressurep_nom1e5Nominal pressure
SI.MassFlowRatem_flow_nom10Nominal mass flow rate
SI.SpecificEnthalpyh_nom1e5Nominal specific enthalpy
SI.SpecificEnthalpyh_startTILMedia.Internals.VLEFluidConfigurations.FullyMixtureCompatible.VLEFluidFunctions.specificEnthalpy_pTxi(medium, p_nom, T_feed_init)Start value of sytsem specific enthalpy
Fundamental Definitions
BooleanuseGasPortfalseChoose if gas port is used or not
TILMedia.VLEFluidTypes.BaseVLEFluidmedium_gassimCenter.gasModel1Gas Medium to be used - only if useGasPort==true

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputP_set (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Basics.Interfaces.Thermal.HeatFlowRateInQ_flow_set (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Basics.Interfaces.Electrical.ActivePowerPortepp (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Basics.Interfaces.Thermal.FluidPortOutoutlet (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Basics.Interfaces.Thermal.FluidPortIninlet (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Basics.Interfaces.General.EyeOuteye (from PartialCHP)
Basics.Interfaces.Gas.RealGasPortIngasPortIn

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
TransiEnt.SimCentersimCenter (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.ModelStatisticsmodelStatistics (from PartialCHP)
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionZero (from PartialCHP)
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Gain[quantity]Q_flow_set_pos (from PartialCHP)Thermal setpoint sign changed (>0)
TransiEnt.Producer.Combined.LargeScaleCHP.Base.HeatInputTable[quantity]Q_flow_set_SG (from PartialCHP)Steam generator setpoint
PQBoundaries[quantity]pQDiagram (from PartialCHP)Possible operating regime of electric output for given thermal output
TransiEnt.Components.Sensors.TemperatureSensorT_out_sensor (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Components.Sensors.TemperatureSensorT_in_sensor (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Components.Statistics.Collectors.LocalCollectors.CollectElectricPowercollectElectricPower (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Components.Statistics.Collectors.LocalCollectors.CollectHeatingPowercollectHeatingPower (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Components.Statistics.Collectors.LocalCollectors.CollectGwpEmissionsElectriccollectPowerEmissions (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Components.Statistics.Collectors.LocalCollectors.CollectGwpEmissionsElectriccollectHeatingEmissions (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Components.Statistics.Collectors.LocalCollectors.CogenerationPlantCostcollectCosts (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Components.Statistics.Functions.GetFuelSpecificCO2EmissionsfuelSpecificEmissions (from PartialCHP)
Modelica.Units.SI.PowerP_el_is (from PartialCHP)Actual power generation (>=0)
Modelica.Units.SI.PowerP_el_CHP_is (from PartialCHP)
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_is (from PartialCHP)Actual thermal power generation (>=0)
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_input (from PartialCHP)
Modelica.Units.SI.Efficiencyeta_el (from PartialCHP)
Modelica.Units.SI.Efficiencyeta_el_target (from PartialCHP)Calculated from setpoint and plant characteristic
Modelica.Units.SI.Efficiencyeta_th (from PartialCHP)
Modelica.Units.SI.Efficiencyeta_th_target (from PartialCHP)Calculated from setpoint and plant characteristic
Modelica.Units.SI.Efficiencyeta_total (from PartialCHP)eta_el + eta_th
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFlowRatem_flow_cde_total (from PartialCHP)Q_flow_input*fuelSpecificEmissions.m_flow_CDE_per_Energy
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFlowRatem_flow_cde_heat (from PartialCHP)m_flow_cde_total*A_cde_alloc_heat
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFlowRatem_flow_cde_power (from PartialCHP)m_flow_cde_total*A_cde_alloc_power
RealA_cde_alloc_heat (from PartialCHP)Allocation factor of total emissions to heat side
RealA_cde_alloc_power (from PartialCHP)Allocation factor of total emissions to power side
Modelica.Units.SI.HeatQ_gen (from PartialCHP)Generated thermal energy
Modelica.Units.SI.EnergyW_el (from PartialCHP)Generated electric energy
Modelica.Units.SI.EnergyW_el_CHP (from PartialCHP)Generated electric energy in combined heat and power operation
Realx_CHP (from PartialCHP)P_el_CHP_is/max(simCenter.P_el_small, P_el_is)Fraction of actual power generation that is produced in CHP operation
RealP_el_star (from PartialCHP)P_el_is/P_el_nPower in p.u.
RealQ_flow_star (from PartialCHP)Q_flow_is/max(simCenter.Q_flow_small, Q_flow_n_total)Thermal output in p.u
RealQ_flow_set_star (from PartialCHP)-Q_flow_set/Q_flow_n_totalThermal setpoint in p.u
Modelica.Blocks.Nonlinear.VariableLimiter[quantity]Q_flow_set_CHP (from PartialCHP)
Modelica.Blocks.Math.MultiSum[quantity]multiSum (from PartialCHP)
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionQ_flow_set_CHP_max (from PartialCHP)
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionQ_flow_set_CHP_min (from PartialCHP)
TransiEnt.Producer.Combined.LargeScaleCHP.Base.CHPStates_heatledplantState (from PartialCHP)
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.FirstOrderturboGenerator
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.FirstOrdersteamGenerator
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.FirstOrderheatingCondenser
Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.Sources.PrescribedHeatFlowprescribedHeatFlow
TransiEnt.Components.Boundaries.Electrical.ActivePower.Powerterminal
ClaRa.Components.HeatExchangers.TubeBundle_L2HX
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressioneta_el_source
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Productproduct
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressioneta_th_source
SI.Power[quantity]P_limit_off_set
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Productproduct1
Consumer.Gas.GasConsumer_HFlow_NCVgasConsumer_HFlow_NCV
Components.Sensors.RealGas.CO2EmissionSensorcO2EmissionOfIdealCombustion
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Gainm_flow_cde_gain
SI.Power[quantity]P_set_single
RealactivePowerPlants
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFlowRatem_flow_cde_total_set
Modelica.Blocks.Math.MultiSummultiSum_Q_flow_SG
Modelica.Blocks.Nonlinear.VariableLimiter[quantity]P_limit_on
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpression[quantity]P_limit_off
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Sum[quantity]P_limit
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Gaingain
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionQ_flow_peak
Modelica.Blocks.Math.SumQ_flow
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpression[quantity]realExpression3
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionfuelMassFlow_set