modelTemperature1
Extends from TransiEnt.Producer.Gas.Electrolyzer.Base.Physics.Temperature.PartialTemperature (partial model for PEM electrolyzer Temperature model).
Information
1. Purpose of model
This is a model for AREVA Inc. Giner electrolyzer system temperature.
2. Level of detail, physical effects considered, and physical insight
Temperature is modeled according to Espinosa-López et al 2018 based on heat generated from electrolysis, pump, and heat lost due to convection, cooling system, and enthalpy loss. The contribution of the pump is modeled differently.
Cooling:
- zone 1: T_op > T_max, turn on Q_flow_cool_max
- zone 2: T_op < T_max and temperature increasing, turn on PID cooling
- zone 3: T_op < T_max and temperature decreasing or T_op < T_cool_set turn off cooling
3. Limits of validity
Original model developed and validated in the range of 20-60 °C, with operating pressure of 15-35 bar and a maximum cooling power for operating current of 400A.
4. Interfaces
(no elements)
5. Nomenclature
(no elements)
6. Governing Equations
Consist of thermal equations from Espinosa-López et al 2018 with new PID-cooling power model from ClaRa LimPID block.
7. Remarks for Usage
(no remarks)
8. Validation
Results have been validated against Espinosa-López et al 2018 published figures.
9. References
Manuel Espinosa-López, Philippe Baucour, Serge Besse, Christophe Darras, Raynal Glises, Philippe Poggi, André Rakotondrainibe, and Pierre Serre-Combe. Modelling and experimental validation of a 46 kW PEM high pressure water electrolyser. Renewable Energy, 119, pp. 160-173, 2018. doi: 10.1016/J.RENENE.2017.11.081.
10. Version History
Created by John Webster (jcwebste@edu.uwaterloo.ca) October 2018.
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI.Temperature | T_amb (from PartialTemperature) | K, simulated ambient temperature as per Espinosa 2018 | |
| Boolean | userSetTemp (from PartialTemperature) | true if temperature profile is controlled by user | |
| Integer | n_cells | number of cells in series | |
| SI.HeatCapacity | C_th | Overall lumped thermal capacitance, Espinosa 2018. 42045J/K from Garcia-Valverdes 2011 | |
| SI.ThermalResistance | R_th | K/W;Thermal resistance of stack;Espinosa 2018. 0.0817 K/W in Garcia | |
| SI.Temperature | T_op_max | max operating temp; where Q_cool=MAX_Q_COOL, eqm with heat generated at 400A | |
| SI.Temperature | T_cool_set | Q_cool trigger point | |
| SI.HeatFlowRate | Q_flow_cool_max | equilibrium cooling power for 400A input at 30bar | |
| SI.Power | P_el_pump | pump el power consumption, involved in heating | |
| SI.Efficiency | eta_pumpmotor | pump's motor electric efficiency | |
| SI.VolumeFlowRate | V_flow_water | 140L/min, water flow rate in cooling loop | |
| SI.PressureDifference | Delta_p_pump | total pump head | |
| SI.Temperature | T_std | STD temperature | |
| SI.Time | tau_i | 7.7407980342622659e-04 | 1/tau_i for cooling system PID integrator gain |
| Real | k_p | 500 | gain, cooling system PID proportional control |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI.Temperature | T_op (from PartialTemperature) | Operating stack temperature | |
| Boolean | cooling_control | control operation of Q_cool | |
| SI.TemperatureSlope | der_T_op | Operating stack temperature | |
| SI.Voltage | V_tn | or U_tn, Thermoneutral voltage (voltage at which reaction can occur without releasing any heat) | |
| SI.Voltage | V_cell | PEM cell voltage considering all included physical phenomena | |
| SI.HeatFlowRate | Q_flow_H2Oelectrolysis | W, power dissipated as heat from water electrolysis reaction | |
| SI.Power | P_pump_diss | W, power dissipated by the pump due to friction | |
| SI.HeatFlowRate | Q_flow_convective | W; flow of Heat loss to ambient | |
| SI.HeatFlowRate | H_flow_prod | Enthalpy loss due to the products leaving the system | |
| SI.MolarHeatCapacity | c_p_m_H2 | Molar specific heat of H2 | |
| SI.MolarHeatCapacity | c_m_p_O2 | Molar specific heat of O2 | |
| SI.HeatFlowRate | Q_flow_cooling | cooling power of heat exchanger | |
| SI.MolarFlowRate | n_flow_H2 | Molar production rate of Hydrogen gas | |
| SI.MolarFlowRate | n_flow_O2 | Molar production rate of Oxygen gas | |
| SI.Current | i_el_stack | current across the electrolyzer stack | |
| Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpression | PID_T_max | ||
| Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpression | PID_T_op | ||
| Modelica.Blocks.Sources.BooleanExpression | PID_T_control | ||
| ClaRa.Components.Utilities.Blocks.LimPID | cooling_PID |