modelTemperature1

PEMElectrolyzer thermal model as implemented by Espinosa, 2018

Extends from TransiEnt.Producer.Gas.Electrolyzer.Base.Physics.Temperature.PartialTemperature (partial model for PEM electrolyzer Temperature model).

Information

1. Purpose of model

This is a model for AREVA Inc. Giner electrolyzer system temperature.

2. Level of detail, physical effects considered, and physical insight

Temperature is modeled according to Espinosa-López et al 2018 based on heat generated from electrolysis, pump, and heat lost due to convection, cooling system, and enthalpy loss. The contribution of the pump is modeled differently.

Cooling:

  • zone 1: T_op > T_max, turn on Q_flow_cool_max
  • zone 2: T_op < T_max and temperature increasing, turn on PID cooling
  • zone 3: T_op < T_max and temperature decreasing or T_op < T_cool_set turn off cooling

3. Limits of validity

Original model developed and validated in the range of 20-60 °C, with operating pressure of 15-35 bar and a maximum cooling power for operating current of 400A.

4. Interfaces

(no elements)

5. Nomenclature

(no elements)

6. Governing Equations

Consist of thermal equations from Espinosa-López et al 2018 with new PID-cooling power model from ClaRa LimPID block.

7. Remarks for Usage

(no remarks)

8. Validation

Results have been validated against Espinosa-López et al 2018 published figures.

9. References

Manuel Espinosa-López, Philippe Baucour, Serge Besse, Christophe Darras, Raynal Glises, Philippe Poggi, André Rakotondrainibe, and Pierre Serre-Combe. Modelling and experimental validation of a 46 kW PEM high pressure water electrolyser. Renewable Energy, 119, pp. 160-173, 2018. doi: 10.1016/J.RENENE.2017.11.081.

10. Version History

Created by John Webster (jcwebste@edu.uwaterloo.ca) October 2018.

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
SI.TemperatureT_amb (from PartialTemperature)K, simulated ambient temperature as per Espinosa 2018
BooleanuserSetTemp (from PartialTemperature)true if temperature profile is controlled by user
Integern_cellsnumber of cells in series
SI.HeatCapacityC_thOverall lumped thermal capacitance, Espinosa 2018. 42045J/K from Garcia-Valverdes 2011
SI.ThermalResistanceR_thK/W;Thermal resistance of stack;Espinosa 2018. 0.0817 K/W in Garcia
SI.TemperatureT_op_maxmax operating temp; where Q_cool=MAX_Q_COOL, eqm with heat generated at 400A
SI.TemperatureT_cool_setQ_cool trigger point
SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_cool_maxequilibrium cooling power for 400A input at 30bar
SI.PowerP_el_pumppump el power consumption, involved in heating
SI.Efficiencyeta_pumpmotorpump's motor electric efficiency
SI.VolumeFlowRateV_flow_water140L/min, water flow rate in cooling loop
SI.PressureDifferenceDelta_p_pumptotal pump head
SI.TemperatureT_stdSTD temperature
SI.Timetau_i7.7407980342622659e-041/tau_i for cooling system PID integrator gain
Realk_p500gain, cooling system PID proportional control

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
SI.TemperatureT_op (from PartialTemperature)Operating stack temperature
Booleancooling_controlcontrol operation of Q_cool
SI.TemperatureSlopeder_T_opOperating stack temperature
SI.VoltageV_tnor U_tn, Thermoneutral voltage (voltage at which reaction can occur without releasing any heat)
SI.VoltageV_cellPEM cell voltage considering all included physical phenomena
SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_H2OelectrolysisW, power dissipated as heat from water electrolysis reaction
SI.PowerP_pump_dissW, power dissipated by the pump due to friction
SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_convectiveW; flow of Heat loss to ambient
SI.HeatFlowRateH_flow_prodEnthalpy loss due to the products leaving the system
SI.MolarHeatCapacityc_p_m_H2Molar specific heat of H2
SI.MolarHeatCapacityc_m_p_O2Molar specific heat of O2
SI.HeatFlowRateQ_flow_coolingcooling power of heat exchanger
SI.MolarFlowRaten_flow_H2Molar production rate of Hydrogen gas
SI.MolarFlowRaten_flow_O2Molar production rate of Oxygen gas
SI.Currenti_el_stackcurrent across the electrolyzer stack
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionPID_T_max
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionPID_T_op
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.BooleanExpressionPID_T_control
ClaRa.Components.Utilities.Blocks.LimPIDcooling_PID