modelSolarThermalSystem_10LayerStorage
Energy based combination of solar collector, controller, boiler and thermal storage with three layers
Extends from TransiEnt.Basics.Icons.Model (Icon for models).
Information
1. Purpose of model
Combination of storage tank, solar collector, controller and gas boiler. Stratified storage tank is divided into ten layers to allow for better resolustion of storage temperatures: top two layers are heated by boiler to T_boiler. Energy for space heating is extracted from top six layers, energy for DHW from all ten layers. Solar energy is fed into bottom to sixth layer.
2. Level of detail, physical effects considered, and physical insight
(Purely technical component without physical modeling.)
3. Limits of validity
(Purely technical component without physical modeling.)
4. Interfaces
(no remarks)
5. Nomenclature
(no elements)
6. Governing Equations
(no equations)
7. Remarks for Usage
All components use energy based modeling without consideration of fluid flow.
Heat flow into the storage tank is based on the difference between the temperature of each tank level and the respective source or sink temperature.
Electric energy for the pumps is not accounted for.
8. Validation
(no validation or testing necessary)
9. References
(no remarks)
10. Version History
Model created by Anne Hagemeier (anne.hagemeier@umsicht.fraunhofer.de), Nov 2019
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| TILMedia.VLEFluidTypes.BaseVLEFluid | GasMedium | simCenter.gasModel1 | |Boiler|Fuel gas medium |
| Boolean | SpaceHeating | true | Does the solar heating system provide energy for space heating? |
| SI.Temperature | T_room | 288 | Temperature of the installation room |
| SI.Temperature | T_return | 308.15 | Return temperature of the heating system |
| SI.Temperature | T_boiler | 60 + 273.15 | Temperature setpoint of the boiler |
| Boiler | |||
| FT | fuel | FT.Gas | Choice of fuel |
| Boolean | useGasPort | if fuel == FT.Gas then true else false | True if gas port shall be used |
| SI.HeatFlowRate | Q_flow_n_boiler | 20000 | Nominal heating power of the gas boiler |
| SI.Efficiency | eta | 1.05 | Boiler's overall efficiency |
| TransiEnt.Basics.Types.TypeOfPrimaryEnergyCarrierHeat | typeOfPrimaryEnergyCarrier | if fuel == FT.Gas then TransiEnt.Basics.Types.TypeOfPrimaryEnergyCarrierHeat.NaturalGas elseif fuel == FT.Oil then TransiEnt.Basics.Types.TypeOfPrimaryEnergyCarrierHeat.Oil elseif fuel == FT.Pellets then TransiEnt.Basics.Types.TypeOfPrimaryEnergyCarrierHeat.Biomass else 0 | Type of primary energy carrier for co2 emissions global statistics |
| SI.SpecificEnthalpy | HoC_fuel | if fuel == FT.Gas then simCenter.HeatingValue_natGas elseif fuel == FT.Oil then simCenter.HeatingValue_LightOil elseif fuel == FT.Pellets then simCenter.HeatingValue_Wood else 0 | heat of combustion of fuel used |
| Storage | |||
| SI.Volume | Volume_tank | 2 | Volume of the storage tank |
| Real[storage.N_cv] | p_Volume | {0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1} | Proportion of the total volume for the three parts of the tank |
| SI.Temperature[storage.N_cv] | T_start | fill(273.15 + 60, storage.N_cv) | Temperatures at initalization |
| SI.Length | h_tank | 1 | height of tank |
| SI.CoefficientOfHeatTransfer | U_wall | 0.5 | Coefficient of heat transfer from wall to ambient |
| SI.ThermalConductivity | k | 0.6 | Thermal conductivity of fluid in storage |
| SI.Density | rho | 1e3 | Density of fluid in storage |
| SI.SpecificHeatCapacity | c_v | 4.185e3 | Heat capacity of fluid in storage |
| Collector | |||
| SI.Irradiance | G_min | 150 | minimum Irradiance before collector is working |
| SI.Temperature | T_set | 348.15 | Temperature set point for controller |
| SI.Temperature | T_max | 273.15 + 95 | maximum input temperature for collector switch-off |
| SI.HeatFlowRate | Q_flow_n | 100e3 | Nominal heat flow rate of the collector (for cost calculation) |
| SI.Area | area | 5 | Aperture area |
| Real | c_eff | 5000 | Effective thermal capacity of the collector |
| Real | eta_0 | 0.793 | Zero-loss collector efficiency |
| Real | a1 | 4.04 | Heat loss coefficient at (T_m - T_amb) = 0 |
| Real | a2 | 0.0182 | Temperature dependent heat loss coefficient |
| SI.Angle | longitude_standard | Modelica.Units.Conversions.from_deg(15) | needed for calculation of coordinated universal time (utc), 15 for central european time, 30 for central european summer time |
| Modelica.Units.NonSI.Time_day | totaldays | 365 | total days of the year, standard=365, leap year=366 |
| SI.Angle | latitude | Modelica.Units.Conversions.from_deg(53.55) | latitude of the local position, north posiive, 53,55 North for Hamburg |
| SI.Angle | slope | Modelica.Units.Conversions.from_deg(53.55) | slope of the tilted surface, assumption |
| SI.Angle | surfaceAzimuthAngle | 0 | surface azimuth angle |
| Real | reflectance_ground | 0.2 | reflectance of the ground |
| Boolean | direct_normal | true | Is the direct irradiance measured on a surface normal to irradiance? |
| SI.Angle | longitude_local | Modelica.Units.Conversions.from_deg(10) | longitude of the local position, east positive, 10 East for Hamburg |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| TransiEnt.Basics.Interfaces.Gas.RealGasPortIn | gasPortIn | ||
| TransiEnt.Basics.Interfaces.Thermal.HeatFlowRateIn | Q_flow_demand_heating | ||
| TransiEnt.Basics.Interfaces.Thermal.HeatFlowRateIn | Q_flow_demand_hotwater |
Components
Contents
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
 BoilerCostModel | |
 Skymodel |