*> \brief <b> DSPOSV computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for PO matrices</b>
*
*  =========== DOCUMENTATION ===========
*
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*            http://www.netlib.org/lapack/explore-html/ 
*
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*
*  Definition:
*  ===========
*
*       SUBROUTINE DSPOSV( UPLO, N, NRHS, A, LDA, B, LDB, X, LDX, WORK,
*                          SWORK, ITER, INFO )
* 
*       .. Scalar Arguments ..
*       CHARACTER          UPLO
*       INTEGER            INFO, ITER, LDA, LDB, LDX, N, NRHS
*       ..
*       .. Array Arguments ..
*       REAL               SWORK( * )
*       DOUBLE PRECISION   A( LDA, * ), B( LDB, * ), WORK( N, * ),
*      $                   X( LDX, * )
*       ..
*  
*
*> \par Purpose:
*  =============
*>
*> \verbatim
*>
*> DSPOSV computes the solution to a real system of linear equations
*>    A * X = B,
*> where A is an N-by-N symmetric positive definite matrix and X and B
*> are N-by-NRHS matrices.
*>
*> DSPOSV first attempts to factorize the matrix in SINGLE PRECISION
*> and use this factorization within an iterative refinement procedure
*> to produce a solution with DOUBLE PRECISION normwise backward error
*> quality (see below). If the approach fails the method switches to a
*> DOUBLE PRECISION factorization and solve.
*>
*> The iterative refinement is not going to be a winning strategy if
*> the ratio SINGLE PRECISION performance over DOUBLE PRECISION
*> performance is too small. A reasonable strategy should take the
*> number of right-hand sides and the size of the matrix into account.
*> This might be done with a call to ILAENV in the future. Up to now, we
*> always try iterative refinement.
*>
*> The iterative refinement process is stopped if
*>     ITER > ITERMAX
*> or for all the RHS we have:
*>     RNRM < SQRT(N)*XNRM*ANRM*EPS*BWDMAX
*> where
*>     o ITER is the number of the current iteration in the iterative
*>       refinement process
*>     o RNRM is the infinity-norm of the residual
*>     o XNRM is the infinity-norm of the solution
*>     o ANRM is the infinity-operator-norm of the matrix A
*>     o EPS is the machine epsilon returned by DLAMCH('Epsilon')
*> The value ITERMAX and BWDMAX are fixed to 30 and 1.0D+00
*> respectively.
*> \endverbatim
*
*  Arguments:
*  ==========
*
*> \param[in] UPLO
*> \verbatim
*>          UPLO is CHARACTER*1
*>          = 'U':  Upper triangle of A is stored;
*>          = 'L':  Lower triangle of A is stored.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] N
*> \verbatim
*>          N is INTEGER
*>          The number of linear equations, i.e., the order of the
*>          matrix A.  N >= 0.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] NRHS
*> \verbatim
*>          NRHS is INTEGER
*>          The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number of columns
*>          of the matrix B.  NRHS >= 0.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in,out] A
*> \verbatim
*>          A is DOUBLE PRECISION array,
*>          dimension (LDA,N)
*>          On entry, the symmetric matrix A.  If UPLO = 'U', the leading
*>          N-by-N upper triangular part of A contains the upper
*>          triangular part of the matrix A, and the strictly lower
*>          triangular part of A is not referenced.  If UPLO = 'L', the
*>          leading N-by-N lower triangular part of A contains the lower
*>          triangular part of the matrix A, and the strictly upper
*>          triangular part of A is not referenced.
*>          On exit, if iterative refinement has been successfully used
*>          (INFO.EQ.0 and ITER.GE.0, see description below), then A is
*>          unchanged, if double precision factorization has been used
*>          (INFO.EQ.0 and ITER.LT.0, see description below), then the
*>          array A contains the factor U or L from the Cholesky
*>          factorization A = U**T*U or A = L*L**T.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] LDA
*> \verbatim
*>          LDA is INTEGER
*>          The leading dimension of the array A.  LDA >= max(1,N).
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] B
*> \verbatim
*>          B is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LDB,NRHS)
*>          The N-by-NRHS right hand side matrix B.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] LDB
*> \verbatim
*>          LDB is INTEGER
*>          The leading dimension of the array B.  LDB >= max(1,N).
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] X
*> \verbatim
*>          X is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LDX,NRHS)
*>          If INFO = 0, the N-by-NRHS solution matrix X.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] LDX
*> \verbatim
*>          LDX is INTEGER
*>          The leading dimension of the array X.  LDX >= max(1,N).
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] WORK
*> \verbatim
*>          WORK is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N,NRHS)
*>          This array is used to hold the residual vectors.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] SWORK
*> \verbatim
*>          SWORK is REAL array, dimension (N*(N+NRHS))
*>          This array is used to use the single precision matrix and the
*>          right-hand sides or solutions in single precision.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] ITER
*> \verbatim
*>          ITER is INTEGER
*>          < 0: iterative refinement has failed, double precision
*>               factorization has been performed
*>               -1 : the routine fell back to full precision for
*>                    implementation- or machine-specific reasons
*>               -2 : narrowing the precision induced an overflow,
*>                    the routine fell back to full precision
*>               -3 : failure of SPOTRF
*>               -31: stop the iterative refinement after the 30th
*>                    iterations
*>          > 0: iterative refinement has been sucessfully used.
*>               Returns the number of iterations
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] INFO
*> \verbatim
*>          INFO is INTEGER
*>          = 0:  successful exit
*>          < 0:  if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value
*>          > 0:  if INFO = i, the leading minor of order i of (DOUBLE
*>                PRECISION) A is not positive definite, so the
*>                factorization could not be completed, and the solution
*>                has not been computed.
*> \endverbatim
*
*  Authors:
*  ========
*
*> \author Univ. of Tennessee 
*> \author Univ. of California Berkeley 
*> \author Univ. of Colorado Denver 
*> \author NAG Ltd. 
*
*> \date November 2011
*
*> \ingroup doublePOsolve
*
*  =====================================================================
      SUBROUTINE DSPOSV( UPLO, N, NRHS, A, LDA, B, LDB, X, LDX, WORK,
     $                   SWORK, ITER, INFO )
*
*  -- LAPACK driver routine (version 3.4.0) --
*  -- LAPACK is a software package provided by Univ. of Tennessee,    --
*  -- Univ. of California Berkeley, Univ. of Colorado Denver and NAG Ltd..--
*     November 2011
*
*     .. Scalar Arguments ..
      CHARACTER          UPLO
      INTEGER            INFO, ITER, LDA, LDB, LDX, N, NRHS
*     ..
*     .. Array Arguments ..
      REAL               SWORK( * )
      DOUBLE PRECISION   A( LDA, * ), B( LDB, * ), WORK( N, * ),
     $                   X( LDX, * )
*     ..
*
*  =====================================================================
*
*     .. Parameters ..
      LOGICAL            DOITREF
      PARAMETER          ( DOITREF = .TRUE. )
*
      INTEGER            ITERMAX
      PARAMETER          ( ITERMAX = 30 )
*
      DOUBLE PRECISION   BWDMAX
      PARAMETER          ( BWDMAX = 1.0E+00 )
*
      DOUBLE PRECISION   NEGONE, ONE
      PARAMETER          ( NEGONE = -1.0D+0, ONE = 1.0D+0 )
*
*     .. Local Scalars ..
      INTEGER            I, IITER, PTSA, PTSX
      DOUBLE PRECISION   ANRM, CTE, EPS, RNRM, XNRM
*
*     .. External Subroutines ..
      EXTERNAL           DAXPY, DSYMM, DLACPY, DLAT2S, DLAG2S, SLAG2D,
     $                   SPOTRF, SPOTRS, XERBLA
*     ..
*     .. External Functions ..
      INTEGER            IDAMAX
      DOUBLE PRECISION   DLAMCH, DLANSY
      LOGICAL            LSAME
      EXTERNAL           IDAMAX, DLAMCH, DLANSY, LSAME
*     ..
*     .. Intrinsic Functions ..
      INTRINSIC          ABS, DBLE, MAX, SQRT
*     ..
*     .. Executable Statements ..
*
      INFO = 0
      ITER = 0
*
*     Test the input parameters.
*
      IF( .NOT.LSAME( UPLO, 'U' ) .AND. .NOT.LSAME( UPLO, 'L' ) ) THEN
         INFO = -1
      ELSE IF( N.LT.0 ) THEN
         INFO = -2
      ELSE IF( NRHS.LT.0 ) THEN
         INFO = -3
      ELSE IF( LDA.LT.MAX( 1, N ) ) THEN
         INFO = -5
      ELSE IF( LDB.LT.MAX( 1, N ) ) THEN
         INFO = -7
      ELSE IF( LDX.LT.MAX( 1, N ) ) THEN
         INFO = -9
      END IF
      IF( INFO.NE.0 ) THEN
         CALL XERBLA( 'DSPOSV', -INFO )
         RETURN
      END IF
*
*     Quick return if (N.EQ.0).
*
      IF( N.EQ.0 )
     $   RETURN
*
*     Skip single precision iterative refinement if a priori slower
*     than double precision factorization.
*
      IF( .NOT.DOITREF ) THEN
         ITER = -1
         GO TO 40
      END IF
*
*     Compute some constants.
*
      ANRM = DLANSY( 'I', UPLO, N, A, LDA, WORK )
      EPS = DLAMCH( 'Epsilon' )
      CTE = ANRM*EPS*SQRT( DBLE( N ) )*BWDMAX
*
*     Set the indices PTSA, PTSX for referencing SA and SX in SWORK.
*
      PTSA = 1
      PTSX = PTSA + N*N
*
*     Convert B from double precision to single precision and store the
*     result in SX.
*
      CALL DLAG2S( N, NRHS, B, LDB, SWORK( PTSX ), N, INFO )
*
      IF( INFO.NE.0 ) THEN
         ITER = -2
         GO TO 40
      END IF
*
*     Convert A from double precision to single precision and store the
*     result in SA.
*
      CALL DLAT2S( UPLO, N, A, LDA, SWORK( PTSA ), N, INFO )
*
      IF( INFO.NE.0 ) THEN
         ITER = -2
         GO TO 40
      END IF
*
*     Compute the Cholesky factorization of SA.
*
      CALL SPOTRF( UPLO, N, SWORK( PTSA ), N, INFO )
*
      IF( INFO.NE.0 ) THEN
         ITER = -3
         GO TO 40
      END IF
*
*     Solve the system SA*SX = SB.
*
      CALL SPOTRS( UPLO, N, NRHS, SWORK( PTSA ), N, SWORK( PTSX ), N,
     $             INFO )
*
*     Convert SX back to double precision
*
      CALL SLAG2D( N, NRHS, SWORK( PTSX ), N, X, LDX, INFO )
*
*     Compute R = B - AX (R is WORK).
*
      CALL DLACPY( 'All', N, NRHS, B, LDB, WORK, N )
*
      CALL DSYMM( 'Left', UPLO, N, NRHS, NEGONE, A, LDA, X, LDX, ONE,
     $            WORK, N )
*
*     Check whether the NRHS normwise backward errors satisfy the
*     stopping criterion. If yes, set ITER=0 and return.
*
      DO I = 1, NRHS
         XNRM = ABS( X( IDAMAX( N, X( 1, I ), 1 ), I ) )
         RNRM = ABS( WORK( IDAMAX( N, WORK( 1, I ), 1 ), I ) )
         IF( RNRM.GT.XNRM*CTE )
     $      GO TO 10
      END DO
*
*     If we are here, the NRHS normwise backward errors satisfy the
*     stopping criterion. We are good to exit.
*
      ITER = 0
      RETURN
*
   10 CONTINUE
*
      DO 30 IITER = 1, ITERMAX
*
*        Convert R (in WORK) from double precision to single precision
*        and store the result in SX.
*
         CALL DLAG2S( N, NRHS, WORK, N, SWORK( PTSX ), N, INFO )
*
         IF( INFO.NE.0 ) THEN
            ITER = -2
            GO TO 40
         END IF
*
*        Solve the system SA*SX = SR.
*
         CALL SPOTRS( UPLO, N, NRHS, SWORK( PTSA ), N, SWORK( PTSX ), N,
     $                INFO )
*
*        Convert SX back to double precision and update the current
*        iterate.
*
         CALL SLAG2D( N, NRHS, SWORK( PTSX ), N, WORK, N, INFO )
*
         DO I = 1, NRHS
            CALL DAXPY( N, ONE, WORK( 1, I ), 1, X( 1, I ), 1 )
         END DO
*
*        Compute R = B - AX (R is WORK).
*
         CALL DLACPY( 'All', N, NRHS, B, LDB, WORK, N )
*
         CALL DSYMM( 'L', UPLO, N, NRHS, NEGONE, A, LDA, X, LDX, ONE,
     $               WORK, N )
*
*        Check whether the NRHS normwise backward errors satisfy the
*        stopping criterion. If yes, set ITER=IITER>0 and return.
*
         DO I = 1, NRHS
            XNRM = ABS( X( IDAMAX( N, X( 1, I ), 1 ), I ) )
            RNRM = ABS( WORK( IDAMAX( N, WORK( 1, I ), 1 ), I ) )
            IF( RNRM.GT.XNRM*CTE )
     $         GO TO 20
         END DO
*
*        If we are here, the NRHS normwise backward errors satisfy the
*        stopping criterion, we are good to exit.
*
         ITER = IITER
*
         RETURN
*
   20    CONTINUE
*
   30 CONTINUE
*
*     If we are at this place of the code, this is because we have
*     performed ITER=ITERMAX iterations and never satisified the
*     stopping criterion, set up the ITER flag accordingly and follow
*     up on double precision routine.
*
      ITER = -ITERMAX - 1
*
   40 CONTINUE
*
*     Single-precision iterative refinement failed to converge to a
*     satisfactory solution, so we resort to double precision.
*
      CALL DPOTRF( UPLO, N, A, LDA, INFO )
*
      IF( INFO.NE.0 )
     $   RETURN
*
      CALL DLACPY( 'All', N, NRHS, B, LDB, X, LDX )
      CALL DPOTRS( UPLO, N, NRHS, A, LDA, X, LDX, INFO )
*
      RETURN
*
*     End of DSPOSV.
*
      END
