modelPowerLawResistance

Flow resistance that uses the power law

Extends from Annex60.Fluid.Interfaces.PartialTwoPortInterface (Partial model transporting fluid between two ports without storing mass or energy), Annex60.Airflow.Multizone.BaseClasses.ErrorControl (Interface that defines parameters for error control).

Information

This model describes the mass flow rate and pressure difference relation of an orifice in the form

    V_flow = k * dp^m,

where k is a variable and m a parameter. For turbulent flow, set m=1/2 and for laminar flow, set m=1.

The model is used as a base for the interzonal air flow models.

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
BooleanforceErrorControlOnFlow (from ErrorControl)trueFlag to force error control on m_flow. Set to true if interested in flow rate
Modelica.SIunits.AreaA|Orifice characteristics|Area of orifice
RealmFlow exponent, m=0.5 for turbulent, m=1 for laminar
BooleanuseDefaultPropertiestrueSet to false to use density and viscosity based on actual medium state, rather than using default values
Modelica.SIunits.PressureDifferencedp_turbulent0.1Pressure difference where laminar and turbulent flow relation coincide. Recommended = 0.1
Modelica.SIunits.LengthlWetsqrt(A)Wetted perimeter used for Reynolds number calculation
Assumptions
BooleanallowFlowReversal (from PartialTwoPort)true= false to simplify equations, assuming, but not enforcing, no flow reversal
Nominal condition
Modelica.SIunits.MassFlowRatem_flow_nominal (from PartialTwoPortInterface)Nominal mass flow rate
Advanced
Modelica.SIunits.MassFlowRatem_flow_small (from PartialTwoPortInterface)1E-4*abs(m_flow_nominal)Small mass flow rate for regularization of zero flow
BooleanhomotopyInitializationtrue= true, use homotopy method
Advanced › Diagnostics
Booleanshow_T (from PartialTwoPortInterface)false= true, if actual temperature at port is computed

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_aport_a (from PartialTwoPort)Fluid connector a (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b)
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_bport_b (from PartialTwoPort)Fluid connector b (positive design flow direction is from port_a to port_b)

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.SIunits.MassFlowRatem_flow (from PartialTwoPortInterface)port_a.m_flowMass flow rate from port_a to port_b (m_flow > 0 is design flow direction)
Modelica.SIunits.PressureDifferencedp (from PartialTwoPortInterface)port_a.p - port_b.pPressure difference between port_a and port_b
Medium.ThermodynamicStatesta_a (from PartialTwoPortInterface)Medium.setState_phX(port_a.p, noEvent(actualStream(port_a.h_outflow)), noEvent(actualStream(port_a.Xi_outflow)))Medium properties in port_a
Medium.ThermodynamicStatesta_b (from PartialTwoPortInterface)Medium.setState_phX(port_b.p, noEvent(actualStream(port_b.h_outflow)), noEvent(actualStream(port_b.Xi_outflow)))Medium properties in port_b
Modelica.SIunits.VolumeFlowRateV_flowVolume flow rate through the component
Modelica.SIunits.VelocityvAverage velocity
Modelica.SIunits.DensityrhoFluid density at port_a
RealReReynolds number

Revisions

  • January 22, 2016, by Michael Wetter:
    Corrected type declaration of pressure difference. This is for #404.
  • November 19, 2015, by Michael Wetter:
    Removed assignment of parameter showDesignFlowDirection in extends statement. This is for #349.
  • January 21, 2015 by Michael Wetter:
    Changed type of mExc as Modelica.SIunits.Mass sets min=0, but mExc can be negative.
  • October 8, 2013 by Michael Wetter:
    Changed the parameter useConstantDensity to useDefaultProperties and also applied the parameter to the computation of the dynamic viscosity. The conversion script can be used to update this parameter.
    Change model to not use the instance sta_a, as this may be conditionally removed and hence it is not proper Modelica syntax to use it outside of a connect statement.
  • March 27, 2013 by Michael Wetter:
    Added assignment of initial value for mExc to avoid error when checking model in pedantic mode with Dymola 2014.
  • December 14, 2012 by Michael Wetter:
    Renamed protected parameters for consistency with the naming conventions.
  • December 6, 2011 by Michael Wetter:
    Removed fixed=false attribute of protected parameter k.
  • July 20, 2010 by Michael Wetter:
    Migrated model to Modelica 3.1 and integrated it into the Buildings library.
  • February 4, 2005 by Michael Wetter:
    Released first version.