.Annex60.BoundaryConditions.WeatherData.ReaderTMY3

Information

This component reads TMY3 weather data (Wilcox and Marion, 2008) or user specified weather data. The weather data format is the Typical Meteorological Year (TMY3) as obtained from the EnergyPlus web site at http://energyplus.net/weather. These data, which are in the EnergyPlus format, need to be converted as described in the next paragraph.

Output to weaBus

The following variables serve as output and are accessible via weaBus:

Adding new weather data

To add new weather data, proceed as follows:

1. Download the weather data file with the epw extension from http://energyplus.net/weather.
2. Add the file to Annex60/Resources/weatherdata (or to any directory for which you have write permission).
3. On a console window, type

     cd Annex60/Resources/weatherdata
     java -jar ../bin/ConvertWeatherData.jar inputFile.epw
   

   This will generate the weather data file inputFile.mos, which can be read by the model Annex60.BoundaryConditions.WeatherData.ReaderTMY3.

Location data that are read automatically from the weather data file

The following location data are automatically read from the weather file:

• The latitude of the weather station, lat,
• the longitude of the weather station, lon, and
• the time zone relative to Greenwich Mean Time, timZone.

Wet bulb temperature

By default, the data bus contains the wet bulb temperature. This introduces a nonlinear equation. However, we have not observed an increase in computing time because of this equation. To disable the computation of the wet bulb temperature, set computeWetBulbTemperature=false.

Using constant or user-defined input signals for weather data

This model has the option of using a constant value, using the data from the weather file, or using data from an input connector for the following variables:

• The atmospheric pressure,
• the ceiling height,
• the total sky cover pressure,
• the opaque sky cover pressure,
• the dry bulb temperature,
• the dew point temperature,
• the sky black body temperature,
• the relative humidity,
• the wind direction,
• the wind speed,
• the global horizontal radiation, direct normal and diffuse horizontal radiation, and
• the infrared horizontal radiation.

By default, all data are obtained from the weather data file, except for the atmospheric pressure, which is set to the parameter pAtm=101325 Pascals.

The parameter *Sou configures the source of the data. For the atmospheric pressure, temperatures, relative humidity, wind speed and wind direction, the enumeration Annex60.BoundaryConditions.Types.DataSource is used as follows:

Because global, diffuse and direct radiation are related to each other, the parameter HSou is treated differently. It is set to a value of the enumeration Annex60.BoundaryConditions.Types.RadiationDataSource, and allows the following configurations:

Notes

1. In HVAC systems, when the fan is off, changes in atmospheric pressure can cause small air flow rates in the duct system due to change in pressure and hence in the mass of air that is stored in air volumes (such as in fluid junctions or in the room model). This may increase computing time. Therefore, the default value for the atmospheric pressure is set to a constant. Furthermore, if the initial pressure of air volumes are different from the atmospheric pressure, then fast pressure transients can happen in the first few seconds of the simulation. This can cause numerical problems for the solver. To avoid this problem, set the atmospheric pressure to the same value as the medium default pressure, which is typically set to the parameter Medium.p_default. For medium models for moist air and dry air, the default is Medium.p_default=101325 Pascals.

2. Different units apply depending on whether data are obtained from a file, or from a parameter or an input connector:

   • When using TMY3 data from a file (e.g. USA_IL_Chicago-OHare.Intl.AP.725300_TMY3.mos), the units must be the same as the original TMY3 file used by EnergyPlus (e.g. USA_IL_Chicago-OHare.Intl.AP.725300_TMY3.epw). The TMY3 data used by EnergyPlus are in both SI units and non-SI units. If Resources/bin/ConvertWeatherData.jar is used to convert the .epw file to an .mos file, the units of the TMY3 data are preserved and the file can be directly used by this data reader. The data reader will automatically convert units to the SI units used by Modelica. For example, the dry bulb temperature TDryBul in TMY3 is in degree Celsius. The data reader will automatically convert the data to Kelvin. The wind direction winDir in TMY3 is degrees and will be automatically converted to radians.
   • When using data from a parameter or from an input connector, the data must be in the SI units used by Modelica. For instance, the unit must be Pa for pressure, K for temperature, W/m2 for solar radiations and rad for wind direction.
3. The ReaderTMY3 should only be used with TMY3 data. It contains a time shift for solar radiation data that is explained below. This time shift needs to be removed if the user may want to use the ReaderTMY3 for other weather data types.

Implementation

Start and end data for annual weather data files

The TMY3 weather data, as well as the EnergyPlus weather data, start at 1:00 AM on January 1, and provide hourly data until midnight on December 31. Thus, the first entry for temperatures, humidity, wind speed etc. are values at 1:00 AM and not at midnight. Furthermore, the TMY3 weather data files can have values at midnight of December 31 that may be significantly different from the values at 1:00 AM on January 1. Since annual simulations require weather data that start at 0:00 on January 1, data need to be provided for this hour. Due to the possibly large change in weatherdata between 1:00 AM on January 1 and midnight at December 31, the weather data files in the Annex60 library do not use the data entry from midnight at December 31 as the value for t=0. Rather, the value from 1:00 AM on January 1 is duplicated and used for 0:00 on January 1. To maintain a data record with 8760 hours, the weather data record from midnight at December 31 is deleted. These changes in the weather data file are done in the Java program that converts EnergyPlus weather data file to Modelica weather data files, and which is described below.

Time shift for solar radiation data

To read weather data from the TMY3 weather data file, there are two data readers in this model. One data reader obtains all data except solar radiation, and the other data reader reads only the solar radiation data, shifted by 30 minutes. The reason for this time shift is as follows: The TMY3 weather data file contains for solar radiation the "...radiation received on a horizontal surface during the 60-minute period ending at the timestamp." Thus, as the figure below shows, a more accurate interpolation is obtained if time is shifted by 30 minutes prior to reading the weather data.

References

• Wilcox S. and W. Marion. Users Manual for TMY3 Data Sets. Technical Report, NREL/TP-581-43156, revised May 2008.

Revisions

• December 06, 2016, by Thierry S. Nouidui:
  Constrained the direct normal radiation to not be bigger than the solar constant when using global and diffuse solar radiation data provided via the inputs connectors. This is for #608.
• April 21, 2016, by Michael Wetter:
  Introduced absFilNam to avoid multiple calls to Annex60.BoundaryConditions.WeatherData.BaseClasses.getAbsolutePath. This is for Buildings, #506.
• January 6, 2016, by Moritz Lauster:
  Changed output radHorIR to HHorIR. This is for #376.
• January 4, 2016, by Moritz Lauster:
  Added a table in documentation with output variables accessible via weaBus. This is for #376.
• December 15, 2015, by Michael Wetter:
  Added the block cheTemBlaSky. This also allows to graphically connect the black body sky temperature to the weather bus, which is required in Dymola 2016 for the variable weaBus.TBlaSky to appear in the graphical editor. This is for #377.
• September 24, 2015, by Marcus Fuchs:
  Replace annotation __Dymola_loadSelector by loadSelector for MSL compliancy as reported by @tbeu at RWTH-EBC/AixLib#107
• June 6, 2015, by Michael Wetter:
  Removed redundant but consistent connect(TBlaSkyCom.TBlaSky, weaBus.TBlaSky) statement. This avoids a warning if Annex60.BoundaryConditions.SolarIrradiation.BaseClasses.Examples.SkyClearness is translated in pedantic mode in Dymola 2016. This is for #266.
• March 26, 2015, by Michael Wetter:
  Added option to obtain the black body sky temperature from a parameter or an input signal. This is required for Buildings.Rooms.Validation.MixedAirInitialization.
• October 17, 2014, by Michael Wetter:
  Corrected error that led the total and opaque sky cover to be ten times too low if its value was obtained from the parameter or the input connector. For the standard configuration in which the sky cover is obtained from the weather data file, the model was correct. This error only affected the other two possible configurations.
• September 12, 2014, by Michael Wetter:
  Removed redundant connection connect(conHorRad.HOut, cheHorRad.HIn);.
• May 30, 2014, by Michael Wetter:
  Removed undesirable annotation Evaluate=true.
• May 5, 2013, by Thierry S. Nouidui:
  Added the option to use a constant, an input signal or the weather file as the source for the ceiling height, the total sky cover, the opaque sky cover, the dew point temperature, and the infrared horizontal radiation HInfHor.
• October 8, 2013, by Michael Wetter:
  Improved the algorithm that determines the absolute path of the file. Now weather files are searched in the path specified, and if not found, the urls file://, modelica:// and modelica://Annex60 are added in this order to search for the weather file. This allows using the data reader without having to specify an absolute path, as long as the Annex60 library is on the MODELICAPATH. This change was implemented in Annex60.BoundaryConditions.WeatherData.BaseClasses.getAbsolutePath and improves this weather data reader.
• May 2, 2013, by Michael Wetter:
  Added function call to getAbsolutePath.
• October 16, 2012, by Michael Wetter:
  Added computation of the wet bulb temperature. Computing the wet bulb temperature introduces a nonlinear equation. As we have not observed an increase in computing time because of computing the wet bulb temperature, it is computed by default. By setting the parameter computeWetBulbTemperature=false, the computation of the wet bulb temperature can be removed. Revised documentation.
• August 11, 2012, by Wangda Zuo:
  Renamed radHor to radHorIR and improved the optional inputs for radiation data.
• July 24, 2012, by Wangda Zuo:
  Corrected the notes of SI unit requirements for input files.
• July 13, 2012, by Michael Wetter:
  Removed assignment of HGloHor_in in its declaration, because this gives an overdetermined system if the input connector is used. Removed non-required assignments of attribute displayUnit.
• February 25, 2012, by Michael Wetter:
  Added subbus for solar position, which is needed by irradition and shading model.
• November 29, 2011, by Michael Wetter:
  Fixed wrong display unit for pAtm_in_internal and made propagation of parameter final.
• October 27, 2011, by Wangda Zuo:
  
  1. Added optional connectors for dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, global horizontal radiation, diffuse horizontal radiation.
     
  2. Separate the unit conversion for TMY3 data and data validity check.
• October 3, 2011, by Michael Wetter:
  Propagated value for sky temperature calculation to make it accessible as a parameter.
• July 20, 2011, by Michael Wetter:
  Added the option to use a constant, an input signal or the weather file as the source for the atmospheric pressure.
• March 15, 2011, by Wangda Zuo:
  Delete the wet bulb temperature since it may cause numerical problem.
• March 7, 2011, by Wangda Zuo:
  Added wet bulb temperature. Changed reader to read only needed columns. Added explanation for 30 minutes shift for radiation data.
• March 5, 2011, by Michael Wetter:
  Changed implementation to obtain longitude and time zone directly from weather file.
• June 25, 2010, by Wangda Zuo:
  First implementation.