modelQni
Spice-style NPN transistor model without parasitic resistors and substrate diode
Information
The NPN element of the Spice analog electrical library implements a full-fledges Spice-stye Gummel-Poon model of the NPN bipolar transistor [1-3]. NPNint is a partial model that implements only the internal nodes of the bipolar transistor. The external parasitic resistances, the external capacitor between base and collector, and the substrate are being added from the outside.
Parameters:
Level: Transistor modeling level (default value = 2)
Level = 1: Ebers-Moll model
Level = 2: Gummel-Poon model
DC Model Parameters:
BF: Maximum forward current gain at reference temperature (default value = 100)
BR: Maximum reverse current gain at reference temperature (default value = 1)
IS: Saturation current at reference temperature (default value = 1e-16 Amp)
ISS: Saturation current for injection (default value = IS Amp)
NF: Forward current emission coefficient (default value = 1)
NR: Reverse current emission coefficient (default value = 1)
GminDC: Leakage conductance (default value = 1e-19 Mho)
Low Current Beta Degradation Effect Parameters:
ISC: Base-collector leakage saturation current at reference temperature (default value = 0 Amp)
ISE: Base-emitter leakage saturation current at reference temperature (default value = 0 Amp)
NC: Low-current base-collector leakage emission coefficient (default value = 2)
NE: Low-current base-emitter leakage emission coefficient (default value = 1.5)
Base Width Modulation Parameters:
VAF: Forward early voltage (default value = 9e30 Volt)
VAR: Reverse early voltage (default value = 9e30 Volt)
High Current Beta Degradation Effect Parameters:
IKF: Corner for forward beta high-current roll-off (default value = 9e30 Amp)
IKR: Corner for reverse beta high-current roll-off (default value = 9e30 Amp)
Junction Capacitor Parameters:
CJC: Zero-bias base-collector depletion capacitance at reference temperature (default value = 1e-12 F)
MJC: Base-collector junction grading coefficient (default value = 0.33)
VJC: Base-collector built-in potential at reference temperature (default value = 0.75 Volt)
CJE: Zero-bias base-emitter depletion capacitance at reference temperature (default value = 1e-12 F)
MJE: Base-emitter junction grading coefficient (default value = 0.33)
VJE: Base-emitter built-in potential at reference temperature (default value = 0.75 Volt)
XCJC: Fraction of base-collector depletion capacitance connected to internal base node (default value = 1)
FC: Depletion capacitance factor for linearization (default value = 0.5)
Transit Time Parameters:
TF: Ideal forward transit time (default value = 0 sec)
TR: Ideal reverse transit time (default value = 0 sec)
Temperature Compensation and Area Parameters:
Tnom: Reference temperature (default value = 300.15 K)
XTI: Saturation current temperature exponent (default value = 3)
XTB: Forward and reverse beta temperature coefficient (default value = 0)
EG: Energy gap for temperature effect on saturation current (default value = 1.11 Volt)
Area: Relative area occupied by device (default value = 1)
Numerical Parameters:
EMin: Minimum exponent for linearization of junction current (default value = -100)
EMax: Maximum exponent for linearization of junction current (default value = 40)
Compiler Parameters:
enforceStates: State selector (default value = true)
enforceStates = true: Use (external) capacitive voltages as state variables
enforceStates = false: Use (internal) bond graph efforts as state variables
References:
- Cellier, F.E. (1991), Continuous System Modeling, Springer-Verlag, New York.
- Hild, D.R. and F.E. Cellier (1994), "Object-oriented electronic circuit modeling using Dymola," Proc. OOS'94, SCS Object Oriented Simulation Conference, Tempe, AZ, pp.68-75.
- Hild, D.R. (1993), Circuit Modeling in Dymola, MS Thesis, Dept. of Electr. & Comp. Engr., University of Arizona, Tucson.
- Massobrio, G. and P. Antognetti (1993), Semiconductor Device Modeling with Spice, 2nd edition, McGraw Hill, New York.
- Schweisguth, M.C. and F.E. Cellier (1999), "A bond graph model of the bipolar junction transistor," Proc. SCS Intl. Conf. on Bond Graph Modeling, San Francisco, CA, pp.344-349.
- Schweisguth, M.C. (1997), Semiconductor Modeling with Bondgraphs, MS Thesis, Dept. of Electr. & Comp. Engr., University of Arizona, Tucson.
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Real | inf | Modelica.Constants.inf | |
| Real | BF | 100 | Maximum forward current gain at reference temperature |
| Real | BR | 1 | Maximum reverse current gain at reference temperature |
| Modelica.SIunits.Current | IS | 1e-16 | Saturation current at reference temperature |
| Modelica.SIunits.Current | ISS | IS | Saturation current used for current injection |
| Real | NF | 1 | Forward current emission coefficient |
| Real | NR | 1 | Reverse current emission coefficient |
| Modelica.SIunits.Conductance | GminDC | 1e-19 | Leakage conductance |
| Modelica.SIunits.Current | ISC | 0 | Base-collector leakage saturation current at reference temperature (ISC = C4*IS) |
| Modelica.SIunits.Current | ISE | 0 | Base-emitter leakage saturation current at reference temperature (ISE = C2*IS) |
| Real | NC | 2 | Low-current base-collector leakage emission coefficient |
| Real | NE | 1.5 | Low-current base-emitter leakage emission coefficient |
| Modelica.SIunits.Voltage | VAF | inf | Forward early voltage |
| Modelica.SIunits.Voltage | VAR | inf | Reverse early voltage |
| Modelica.SIunits.Current | IKF | inf | Corner for forward beta high-current roll-off |
| Modelica.SIunits.Current | IKR | inf | Corner for reverse beta high-current roll-off |
| Modelica.SIunits.Capacitance | CJC | 1e-12 | Zero-bias base-collector depletion capacitance at reference temperature |
| Real | MJC | 0.33 | Base-collector junction grading coefficient |
| Modelica.SIunits.Voltage | VJC | 0.8 | Base-collector built-in potential at reference temperature |
| Modelica.SIunits.Capacitance | CJE | 1e-12 | Zero-bias base-emitter depletion capacitance at reference temperature |
| Real | MJE | 0.33 | Base-emitter junction grading coefficient |
| Modelica.SIunits.Voltage | VJE | 0.75 | Base-emitter built-in potential at reference temperature |
| Real | XCJC | 1 | Fraction of base-collector depletion capacitance connected to internal base node |
| Real | FC | 0.5 | Depletion capacitance factor for linearization |
| Modelica.SIunits.Time | TF | 0 | Ideal forward transit time |
| Modelica.SIunits.Time | TR | 0 | Ideal reverse transit time |
| Modelica.SIunits.Temperature | Tnom | 300.15 | Reference temperature |
| Real | XTI | 3 | Saturation current temperature exponent |
| Real | XTB | 0 | Forward and reverse beta temperature coefficient |
| Modelica.SIunits.Voltage | EG | 1.11 | Energy gap for temperature effect on saturation current |
| Real | Area | 1 | Relative area occupied by device |
| Integer | Level | 2 | Transistor modeling level (Ebers-Moll = 1; Gummel-Poon = 2) |
| Real | EMin | -100 | if x < EMin, the exp(x) function is linearized |
| Real | EMax | 40 | if x > EMax, the exp(x) function is linearized |
| Advanced | |||
| Boolean | enforceStates | true | Use electrical variables as states instead of bond graph variables |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.Pin | Bint | Internal base node | |
| Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.Pin | Cint | Internal collector node | |
| Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.Pin | Eint | Internal emitter node | |
| Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.Interfaces.HeatPort_a | heatPort | Thermal connector | |
| Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput | qb | Base charge | |
| Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput | ix | External base-collector capacitance current |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| BondLib.Spice.Utilities.BJTvars | BJTvars1 | ||
| BondLib.Electrical.Analog.Sensors.VoltageSensor | Vbc | ||
| BondLib.Electrical.Analog.Sensors.VoltageSensor | Vbe | ||
| Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant | qb1 | ||
| Modelica.Blocks.Sources.Constant | C0 | ||
| Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.TemperatureSensor | Tdev | ||
| Isignal | IC0 | ||
| Isignal | IB0 | ||
| Cj | Dbc | ||
| Cj | Dbe |