modelRenewableSources

Example model that shows the impact of renewable sources on the electrical grid
Diagram of RenewableSourcesOpen the diagram
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Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Information

This model shows the impact of renewables on the electric grid. The sensors show how the voltage per unit fluctuates depending on the building load and the power produced by the PV and the wind turbine. To the right of the model is the post-processing that computes the ratio of energy produced by the renewables over the energy consumed by the loads.

Ratio between energy produced by renewables and energy consumed

Th image below shows the ratio between the energy produced by renewable energy sources over the energy consumed by the loads over one year. The solid line indicates the Net-Zero Energy goal and the blue line indicates the actual ratio for the neighborhood represented by the model.

image

Voltage losses due to power generated by renewables

The scatter plots show the voltage levels at different locations in the network. In particular, the plots highlight how the voltage fluctuations are related to the power generated by the renewable sources, to the wind speed and the global horizontal irradiation. As expected, voltage increases with the power generated by the renewables, causing possible instabilities to the electrical grid.

image

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Units.SI.Frequencyf60Nominal grid frequency
Modelica.Units.SI.VoltageV_nominal480Nominal grid voltage
Modelica.Units.SI.PowerPLoa_nominal3500Nominal power of a load
Modelica.Units.SI.PowerPWinPLoa_nominal*4Nominal power of the wind turbine
Modelica.Units.SI.PowerPSunPLoa_nominal*1.0Nominal power of the PV
Modelica.Units.SI.DensityOfHeatFlowRateW_m2_nominal1000Nominal solar power per unit area
Realeff_PV0.12*0.85*0.9Nominal solar power conversion efficiency (this should consider converion efficiency, area covered, AC/DC losses)
Modelica.Units.SI.AreaA_PVPSun/eff_PV/W_m2_nominalNominal area of a P installation

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
BoundaryConditions.WeatherData.BusweaBusWeather data bus

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sources.GridgriGrid model that provides power to the system
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Loads.Inductiveloa1Electrical load
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Loads.Inductiveloa2Electrical load
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Loads.Inductiveloa3Electrical load
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Loads.Inductiveloa4Electrical load
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Lines.Lineline1Electrical line
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Lines.Lineline2Electrical line
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Lines.Lineline3Electrical line
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Lines.Lineline4Electrical line
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Lines.Lineline5Electrical line
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Loads.Inductiveloa5Electrical load
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Loads.Inductiveloa6Electrical load
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Loads.Inductiveloa7Electrical load
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Lines.Lineline6Electrical line
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Lines.Lineline7Electrical line
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sources.PVSimpleOrientedpv1PV
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sources.PVSimpleOrientedpv2PV
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sources.PVSimpleOrientedpv3PV
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sources.PVSimpleOrientedpv4PV
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sources.PVSimpleOrientedpv5PV
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sources.PVSimpleOrientedpv6PV
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sources.PVSimpleOrientedpv7PV
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sources.WindTurbinewinTurWind turbine model
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Lines.Lineline8
BoundaryConditions.WeatherData.ReaderTMY3weaDatWeather data model
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.CombiTimeTablepow1Power consumption profile for load 1
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.CombiTimeTablepow2Power consumption profile for load 2
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.CombiTimeTablepow3Power consumption profile for load 3
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.CombiTimeTablepow4Power consumption profile for load 4
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.CombiTimeTablepow5Power consumption profile for load 5
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.CombiTimeTablepow6Power consumption profile for load 6
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.CombiTimeTablepow7Power consumption profile for load 7
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sensors.Probesen1Voltage probe
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sensors.Probesen2Voltage probe
AC.ThreePhasesBalanced.Sensors.Probesen3Voltage probe
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.IntegratorEWinEnergy produced by the wind turbine
Modelica.Blocks.Math.MultiSumPSolTotal produced solar power
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.IntegratorESolEnergy produced by the solar panels
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionPLoaTotal power consumed by the loads
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.IntegratorELoaEnergy consumed by the loads
Modelica.Blocks.Math.AddEProTotal produced power by renewables
Modelica.Blocks.Math.DivisionERatRatio of produced over consumed energy

Revisions

  • September 16, 2021, by Michael Wetter:
    Removed assignment of parameter lat as this is now obtained from the weather data reader.
    This is for IBPSA, #1477.
  • October 2, 2015, by Michael Wetter:
    Changed signals for post-processing to avoid using the conditionally enabled connector loa1.y outside of a connect statement.
  • March 27, 2015, by Michael Wetter:
    Revised model.
  • March 25, 2015, by Marco Bonvini:
    Added model.