modelBuildingShade

Component for modeling shade cast by distant objects such as buildings and treelines

Extends from IDEAS.Buildings.Components.Shading.Interfaces.PartialShadingDevice.

Information

This model computes the shading cast by a building (or other object) at distance L and relative height dh on a window (or wall) with height hWin. For a window this height corresponds to the window glazing height, excluding the window frame. Diffuse sky solar radiation is reduced by computing a simplified view factor of the building, which blocks the sky view. Diffuse ground solar radiation is unaffected by this model.

illustration

Assumption and limitations

This model assumes that the obstructing object is very wide (infinite) compared to the window/wall and that it is parallel to the window. This model is inaccurate when this is not the case.

We assume that the opposite building is shaded or that its reflectivity is zero, such that it does not reflect solar irradiation towards the window. Partial shading, e.g. when modelling treelines, can be modelled by changing the value of parameter fraSha accordingly.

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Booleancontrolled (from PartialShading)trueif true, shading has a control input
Modelica.Units.SI.AreaA_glazing (from PartialShading)Surface area of the glazing
Modelica.Units.SI.AreaA_frame (from PartialShading)Surface area of the frame
Modelica.Units.SI.Angleinc (from PartialShading)Surface inclination
Modelica.Units.SI.TemperatureTenv_nom (from PartialShading)280Nominal temperature of environment
Modelica.Units.SI.EmissivityepsSw_frame (from PartialShading)Short wave solar absorption coefficient of the frame
Modelica.Units.SI.EmissivityepsLw_frame (from PartialShading)Long wave solar absorption coefficient of the frame
Modelica.Units.SI.EmissivityepsLw_glazing (from PartialShading)Long wave solar absorption coefficient of the glazing
Modelica.Units.SI.EmissivityepsSw_shading (from PartialShading)0.8Short wave emissivity of the shading object
Realg_glazing (from PartialShading)Nominal shading coefficient of the glazing
BooleanlinCon (from PartialShading)falseLinearise convective heat transfer
BooleanlinRad (from PartialShading)falseLinearise radiative heat transfer
BooleanhaveBoundaryPorts (from PartialShading)trueInclude ports for setting boundary conditions
BooleanhaveFrame (from PartialShading)A_frame*epsLw_frame > 0Frame enabled
Modelica.Units.SI.CoefficientOfHeatTransferhSha (from PartialShading)12Equivalent thermal conductance of the shading device
RealfraSha1Fraction of the light that is shaded, e.g. smaller than 1 for shading cast by tree lines.
RealfraSunDifSky1 - vieAngObj/(Modelica.Constants.pi/2)Fraction of window area exposed to diffuse sun light
Window properties
Modelica.Units.SI.Angleazi (from PartialShading)Window azimuth angle
Dimensions (see illustration in documentation)
Modelica.Units.SI.LengthLDistance to object perpendicular to window
Modelica.Units.SI.LengthdhHeight difference between top of object and top of window glazing
Modelica.Units.SI.LengthhWin1Window height: distance between top and bottom of window glazing

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputHDirTil (from PartialShading)Direct solar illuminance on surface
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputHSkyDifTil (from PartialShading)Diffuse sky solar illuminance on tilted surface
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputHGroDifTil (from PartialShading)Diffuse ground solar illuminance on tilted surface
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputangZen (from PartialShading)Angle of incidence
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutputHShaDirTil (from PartialShading)Shaded direct solar illuminance on surface
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutputHShaSkyDifTil (from PartialShading)Shaded diffuse sky solar illuminance on tilted surface
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutputHShaGroDifTil (from PartialShading)Shaded diffuse ground solar illuminance on tilted surface
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutputiAngInc (from PartialShading)Angle of incidence after transmittance through (possible) shading
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputangInc (from PartialShading)Inclination angle
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputangAzi (from PartialShading)Azimuth angle
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputCtrl (from PartialShading)Control signal between 0 and 1, i.e. 1 is fully closed
Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.Interfaces.HeatPort_bport_frame (from PartialShading)
Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.Interfaces.HeatPort_aport_glazing (from PartialShading)
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputTEnv (from PartialShading)Environment temperature
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputTe (from PartialShading)
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputhForcedConExt (from PartialShading)
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutputTDryBul (from PartialShading)Exterior surface air temperature
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputm_flow (from PartialShading)

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Units.SI.IrradianceHSha (from PartialShading)HShaDirTil + HShaSkyDifTil + HShaGroDifTilTotal shaded solar irradiance
Modelica.Units.SI.IrradianceH (from PartialShading)HDirTil + HSkyDifTil + HGroDifTilTotal unshaded solar irradiance
IDEAS.Buildings.Components.BaseClasses.RadiativeHeatTransfer.ExteriorHeatRadiationskyRadFra (from PartialShadingDevice)
IDEAS.Buildings.Components.BaseClasses.ConvectiveHeatTransfer.ExteriorConvectioneConFra (from PartialShadingDevice)
IDEAS.Buildings.Components.BaseClasses.RadiativeHeatTransfer.ExteriorSolarAbsorptionsolAbs (from PartialShadingDevice)
IDEAS.Buildings.Components.BaseClasses.RadiativeHeatTransfer.ExteriorHeatRadiationskyRad (from PartialShadingDevice)
IDEAS.Buildings.Components.BaseClasses.ConvectiveHeatTransfer.ExteriorConvectioneCon (from PartialShadingDevice)
Modelica.Blocks.Math.AddsolDif (from PartialShadingDevice)
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionTeExpr (from PartialShadingDevice)Expression for Te
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionTEnvExpr (from PartialShadingDevice)Expression for TEnv
RealfraSunDirFraction of window area exposed to direct sun light

Revisions

  • July 18, 2022 by Filip Jorissen:
    Refactored for #1270 for including thermal effect of screens.
  • September 22, 2019 by Filip Jorissen:
    Added assert that checks validity of parameter fraSunDifSky. See #843.
  • April 10, 2019 by Filip Jorissen:
    Revised computation of fraSunDifSky to avoid negative shading fractions. See #1007.
  • February 21, 2019 by Filip Jorissen:
    Added parameter shaFra for lowering shading fraction of the model. See #912.
  • September 25, 2018 by Filip Jorissen:
    Clarified meaning of hWin and grouped parameters with reference to documentation. See #909.
  • May 26, 2017 by Filip Jorissen:
    Added computation of diffuse solar shading. See #735.
  • May 25, 2017, by Filip Jorissen:
    Fixed implementation for non-south oriented windows.
  • December 9, 2016, by Filip Jorissen:
    Fixed implementation for non-circular type building.
  • July 14, 2015, by Filip Jorissen:
    Added documentation.
  • June 12, 2015, by Filip Jorissen:
    First implementation.