modelAtovaquone
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.P.P01AX06.
Information
| name: | Atovaquone | |
| ATC code: | P01AX06 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 750 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 8.8 | L |
| clearance: | 0.15 | L/h/kg |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Atovaquone is a hydroxynaphthoquinone antiprotozoal medication primarily used for the treatment and prevention of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), toxoplasmosis, and in combination with proguanil for malaria treatment and prophylaxis. It is approved for use in many countries.
Pharmacokinetics
Population pharmacokinetic model of atovaquone in healthy adult volunteers after oral administration.
References
Hussein, Z, et al., & Canfield, CJ (1997). Population pharmacokinetics of atovaquone in patients with acute malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 61(5) 518–530. DOI:10.1016/S0009-9236(97)90132-6 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9164414
Hussein, Z, et al., & Canfield, CJ (1996). Population pharmacokinetics of proguanil in patients with acute P. falciparum malaria after combined therapy with atovaquone. British journal of clinical pharmacology 42(5) 589–597. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1996.tb00114.x PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8951190
McGready, R, et al., & Nosten, F (2003). The pharmacokinetics of atovaquone and proguanil in pregnant women with acute falciparum malaria. European journal of clinical pharmacology 59(7) 545–552. DOI:10.1007/s00228-003-0652-9 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12955371
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_2C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_2C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)