modelNaloxone
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.V.V03AB15.
Information
| name: | Naloxone | |
| ATC code: | V03AB15 | route: | intravenous |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 0.4 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 2.0 | L |
| clearance: | 22 | mL/min/kg |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Naloxone is a non-selective and competitive opioid receptor antagonist used to rapidly reverse opioid overdose and opioid-induced respiratory depression. It is approved for use in emergency settings by various routes including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, and intranasal administration.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters derived from healthy adult volunteers following intravenous administration.
References
Saari, TI, et al., & Dale, O (2024). Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Naloxone. Clinical pharmacokinetics 63(4) 397–422. DOI:10.1007/s40262-024-01355-6 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38485851
Dowling, J, et al., & Graudins, A (2008). Population pharmacokinetics of intravenous, intramuscular, and intranasal naloxone in human volunteers. Therapeutic drug monitoring 30(4) 490–496. DOI:10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181816214 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18641540
Robinson, A, & Wermeling, DP (2014). Intranasal naloxone administration for treatment of opioid overdose. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 71(24) 2129–2135. DOI:10.2146/ajhp130798 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25465584
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)