The following Dittus and Boelter (1930) correlation is applicable for a fully turbulent internal flows in pipes. The formula is picked from the ASHRAE guide chapter 3 table 9 equation T9.5 and 9.6
The correlation is given for a Reynolds number Re > 104.
The value of the exponent over the Prandtl number depends on whether the pipe wall is warmer or colder than the fluid.
If the pipe is warmer (heating mode), n = 4
and n = 3
(cooling mode) otherwise.
Where :
function internal_pipe_ASHRAE extends Modelica.Icons.Function; input Modelica.SIunits.PrandtlNumber Pr; input Modelica.SIunits.ReynoldsNumber Re; input Modelica.SIunits.TemperatureDifference dT; output Modelica.SIunits.NusseltNumber Nu; end internal_pipe_ASHRAE;