Minor-loss resistance for a single-joint mitered (sharp) pipe bend – a pipe that changes direction at a sharp joint with no curvature radius. The pressure loss is
dp = K*m_flow^2/(2*rho*A^2)
with the resistance coefficient from the Rennels & Hudson
(2012) correlation (K_miterBend),
K = 0.42 sin(α/2) + 2.56 sin³(α/2), valid to about
150°. A mitered bend is markedly more lossy than a smooth bend
(Elbow)
of the same angle. Flow reversal is supported (the loss opposes the
flow). Circular cross-section.
Rennels, D. C. & Hudson, H. M. Pipe Flow: A Practical and Comprehensive Guide. John Wiley & Sons (2012).